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What Are the Causes of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty in Japan?

  • Symposium: Special Considerations for TKA in Asian Patients
  • Published:
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®

Abstract

Background

There is limited information regarding the cause of revision TKA in Asia, especially Japan. Owing to differences in patient backgrounds and lifestyles, the modes of TKA failures in Asia may differ from those in Western countries.

Questions/purposes

We therefore determined (1) causes of revision TKA in a cohort of Japanese patients with revision TKA and (2) whether patient demographic features and underlying diagnosis of primary TKA are associated with the causes of revision TKA.

Methods

We assessed all revision TKA procedures performed at five major centers in Hokkaido from 2006 to 2011 for the causes of failures. Demographic data and underlying diagnosis for index primary TKA of the revision cases were compared to those of randomly selected primary TKAs during the same period.

Results

One hundred forty revision TKAs and 4047 primary TKAs were performed at the five centers, indicating a revision burden of 3.3%. The most common cause of revision TKA was mechanical loosening (40%) followed by infection (24%), wear/osteolysis (9%), instability (9%), implant failure (6%), periprosthetic fracture (4%), and other reasons (8%). The mean age of patients with periprosthetic fracture was older (77 versus 72 years) and the male proportion in patients with infection was higher (33% versus 19%) than those of patients in the primary TKA group. There was no difference in BMI between primary TKAs and any type of revision TKA except other causes.

Conclusions

The revision burden at the five referral centers in Hokkaido was 3.3%, and the most common cause of revision TKA was mechanical loosening followed by infection. Demographic data such as age and sex might be associated with particular causes of revision TKA.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Noriaki Mori MD, PhD (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eniwa Hospital), Jun Nishiike MD (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kushiro-Sanjikai Hospital), Reo Goto MD (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Abashiri Kousei Hospital), and Ryo Ando MD (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hakodate Central General Hospital) for collecting cohort data at their hospitals. We also thank Koji Oba PhD for his help in the statistics in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan

    Yasuhiko Kasahara MD, PhD

  2. Department of Joint Replacement and Tissue Engineering, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Jyou, Nishi-7choume, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan

    Tokifumi Majima MD, PhD

  3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eniwa Hospital, Eniwa, Japan

    Shoichi Kimura MD, PhD

  4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kushiro-Sanjikai Hospital, Nusamai-Chou, Kushiro, Japan

    Osamu Nishiike MD

  5. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Abashiri Kousei Hospital, Abashiri, Japan

    Osamu Nishiike MD

  6. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hakodate Central General Hospital, Honchou, Hakodate, Japan

    Jun Uchida MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Yasuhiko Kasahara MD, PhD
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  2. Tokifumi Majima MD, PhD
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  3. Shoichi Kimura MD, PhD
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  4. Osamu Nishiike MD
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  5. Jun Uchida MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tokifumi Majima MD, PhD.

Additional information

The institution of one or more of the authors (TM) has received, during the study period, funding from DePuy, A Johnson & Johnson Company (Warsaw, IN, USA) and Smith & Nephew, Inc (Memphis, TN, USA). One of the authors (TM) certifies that he has or may receive payments or benefits, during the study period, an amount of $10,000 to $100,000, from Robert Reid Inc (Tokyo, Japan).

All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request.

Each author certifies that his or her institutional review board approved the human protocol for this investigation and that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research.

This work was performed at Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan.

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Kasahara, Y., Majima, T., Kimura, S. et al. What Are the Causes of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty in Japan?. Clin Orthop Relat Res 471, 1533–1538 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-2820-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-2820-2

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