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The Effect of Cam FAI on Hip and Pelvic Motion during Maximum Squat

  • Symposium: Femoroacetabular Impingement: Current Status of Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Published:
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research

Abstract

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) causes abnormal contact at the anterosuperior aspect of the acetabulum in activities requiring a large hip range of motion (ROM). We addressed the following questions in this study: (1) Does FAI affect the motions of the hip and pelvis during a maximal depth squat? (2) Does FAI decrease maximal normalized squat depth? We measured the effect of cam FAI on the 3-D motion of the hip and pelvis during a maximal depth squat as compared with a healthy control group. Fifteen participants diagnosed with cam FAI and 11 matched control participants performed unloaded squats while 3-D motion analysis was collected. Patients with FAI had no differences in hip motion during squatting but had decreased sagittal pelvic range of motion compared to the control group (14.7 ± 8.4° versus 24.2 ± 6.8°, respectively). The FAI group also could not squat as low as the control group (41.5 ± 12.5% versus 32.3 ± 6.8% of leg length, respectively), indicating the maximal depth squat may be useful as a diagnostic exercise. Limited sagittal pelvic ROM in FAI patients may contribute to their decreased squatting depth, and could represent a factor amongst others in the pathomechanics of FAI.

Level of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Anna Fazekas Conway, research assistant of the adult reconstruction division of the orthopedic surgery department at the Ottawa Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5

    Mario Lamontagne PhD & Matthew J. Kennedy BSc

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Mario Lamontagne PhD

  3. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Paul E. Beaulé MD, FRCSC

Authors
  1. Mario Lamontagne PhD
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  2. Matthew J. Kennedy BSc
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  3. Paul E. Beaulé MD, FRCSC
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Correspondence to Mario Lamontagne PhD.

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One or more of the authors (ML & PB) have received funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the human protocol for this investigation, that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research, and that informed consent for participation in the study was obtained.

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Lamontagne, M., Kennedy, M.J. & Beaulé, P.E. The Effect of Cam FAI on Hip and Pelvic Motion during Maximum Squat. Clin Orthop Relat Res 467, 645–650 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-008-0620-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-008-0620-x

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