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In-hospital Complications and Mortality of Unilateral, Bilateral, and Revision TKA: Based on an estimate of 4,159,661 Discharges

  • Symposium: Papers Presented at the Annual Meetings of the Knee Society
  • Published:
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research

Abstract

Patients undergoing bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) may have higher complication rates and mortality than those undergoing a unilateral procedure (UTKA). To evaluate this hypothesis, we analyzed nationally representative data collected for the National Hospital Discharge Survey on discharges after BTKA, UTKA, and revision TKA (RTKA) between 1990 and 2004. The demographics, comorbidities, in-hospital stay, complications, and mortality of each procedure were compared. An estimate of 4,159,661 discharges (153,259 BTKAs; 3,672,247 UTKAs; 334,155 RTKAs) were included. Patients undergoing BTKA were younger (1.5 years) and had a lower prevalence of comorbidities for hypertension (versus UTKA), diabetes, pulmonary disease, and coronary artery disease (versus UTKA and RTKA). The length of hospitalization was 5.8 days for BTKA, 5.3 for UTKA, and 5.4 for RTKA. Despite similar length of hospitalization, the prevalence of procedure-related complications was higher for BTKA (12.2%) compared with UTKA (8.2%) and RTKA (8.7%). In-hospital mortality was highest for patients undergoing BTKA (BTKA, 0.5%; UTKA, 0.3%; RTKA, 0.3%). Patients undergoing BTKA had a 1.6 times higher rate of procedure-related complications and mortality compared with those undergoing UTKA. Outcomes for patients undergoing RTKA for most variables were similar to those for UTKA. BTKA, advanced age, and male gender were independent risk factors for complications and mortality after TKA.

Level of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA

    Stavros G. Memtsoudis MD, PhD

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Alejandro González Della Valle MD & Thomas P. Sculco MD

  3. Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA

    Melanie C. Besculides DrPH, MPH

  4. LKG Consulting, Plainsboro, NJ, USA

    Licia Gaber BA

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  1. Stavros G. Memtsoudis MD, PhD
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  2. Alejandro González Della Valle MD
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  3. Melanie C. Besculides DrPH, MPH
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  4. Licia Gaber BA
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  5. Thomas P. Sculco MD
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Correspondence to Alejandro González Della Valle MD.

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Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. This study was partially funded by a Young Investigator Award of the Department of Anesthesia at Hospital for Special Surgery.

Appendices

Appendix

Appendix 1 Information available in the National Hospital Discharge Survey
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Appendix

Appendix 2 List of ICD-9 diagnosis codes included to identify comorbidities, adverse diagnoses, and complications among discharges*
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Memtsoudis, S.G., González Della Valle, A., Besculides, M.C. et al. In-hospital Complications and Mortality of Unilateral, Bilateral, and Revision TKA: Based on an estimate of 4,159,661 Discharges. Clin Orthop Relat Res 466, 2617–2627 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-008-0402-5

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