Abstract
The use of probiotic microorganisms has been limited by the difficulty of maintaining their viability during processing and throughout the product’s shelf life. This study evaluated the viability of microencapsulating Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BL) using the spray chilling technique to add them to savory cereal bars. The results showed that spray chilling generated a powder that was composed of smooth and continuous spheres with low moisture content and low water activity. The microencapsulated microorganisms exhibited a storage viability at least of 90 days as microparticles and in savory cereal bars, and their counts were superior to those resulting from other methods of adding activated and lyophilized probiotics to savory cereal bars. Thus, microparticles prepared by spray chilling are good vehicles for incorporating probiotics into cereal bars and have the potential to release the probiotics in the consumers’ intestines by means of fat digestion. Savory cereal bars that did and did not contain probiotics exhibited no differences in sensorial acceptance or commercial potential.
References
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária—ANVISA. (2012). Ministério da Saúde. Resolução da Diretoria Colegiada no. 54. Dispõe sobre o Regulamento Técnico sobre Informação Nutricional Complementar. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília.
Albertini, B., Vitali, B., Passerini, N., Cruciani, F., Di Sabatino, M., et al. (2010). Development of microparticulate systems for intestinal delivery of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifi dobacterium lactis. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 40(4), 359–366.
Alvin, I. D., Stein, M. A., Koury, I. P., Dantas, F. B. H., & Cruz, C. L. C. V. (2016). Comparison between the spray drying and spray chilling microparticles contain ascorbic acid in a baked product application. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 65, 689–694.
Annan, N. T., Borza, A. D., & Truelstrup Hansen, L. (2008). Encapsulation in alginate-coated gelatin microspheres improves survival of Bifidobacterium adolescentis 15703T during exposure to simulated gastro-intestinal conditions. Food Research International, 41, 184–193.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). (2002). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (17ªth ed.). Washington: AOAC.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). (2012). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (19ªth ed.). Washington: AOAC.
Bastos, G. A., Paulo, E. M., & Chiaradia, A. C. N. (2014). Aceitabilidade de barra de cereal potencialmente probióticas. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 17(2), 113–120.
Consoli, L., Grimaldi, R., Sartori, T., Menegalli, F. C., & Hubinger, M. D. (2016). Gallic acid microparticles produced by spray chilling technique: production and characterization. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 65, 79–87.
Fávaro-Trindade, C. S., Heinemann, R. J. B., & Pedroso, D. L. (2011). Developments in probiotic encapsulation. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources, 6, 1–8.
Grosso, C. R. F., & Fávaro-Trindade, C. S. (2004). Stability of free and immobilized Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis in acidified milk and of immobilized B. lactis in yoghurt. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 35, 151–156.
Gutkoski, L. C., Bonamigo, J. M. A., Teixeira, D. M. F., & Pedó, I. (2007). Desenvolvimento de barras de cereais à base de aveia com alto teor de fibra alimentar. Revista Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 27(2), 355–363.
Heidebach, T., Först, P., & Kulozik, U. (2012). Microencapsulation of probiotic cells for food applications. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 52(4), 291–311.
Marini, L. J., Gutkoski, L. C., Elias, M. C., & Santin, J. A. (2007). Qualidade de grãos de aveia sob secagem intermitente em altas temperaturas. Ciencia Rural, 37(5), 1268–1273.
Matos-Jr, F. E., Sabatino, M., Passerini, N., Favaro-Trindade, C. S., & Albertini, B. (2015). Development and characterization of solid lipid microparticles loaded with ascorbic acid and produced by spray congealing. Food Research International, 67, 52–59.
Meilgaard, M., Civille, G. V., & Carr, B. T. (1999). Sensory evaluation techniques (p. 387). Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Melo, D. L. R., Navarro, A. C., & Navarro, F. (2010). Elaboração de barra de cereais salgada para praticantes de atividade física. Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva, 4(19), 50–58.
Merrill, A. L., & Watt, B. K. (1973). Energy value of foods: basis and derivation, revised. Agriculture Handbook, 74. Washington, DC: ARS United States Department of Agriculture.
Okuro, P. K., De Matos Junior, F. E., & Favaro-Trindade, C. S. (2013a). Technological challenges for spray chilling encapsulation of functional food ingredients. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 51(2), 171–182.
Okuro, P. K., Thomazini, M., & Balieiro, J. C. C. (2013b). Co-encapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus with inulin or polydextrose in solid lipid microparticles provides protection and improves stability. Food Research International, 53(1), 96–103.
Pedroso, D. L., et al. (2012). Protection of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus by microencapsulation using spray chilling. International Dairy Journal, 26(2), 127–132.
Pedroso, D. L., Dogenski, M., Thomazini, M., et al. (2013). Microencapsulation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus in cocoa butter using spray chilling technology. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 44(3), 777–783.
Rodrigues, S. Jr, Patrocínio, I.M.; Peña, W.E.L., Junqueira, M.S., & Teixeira, L.J.Q. (2011). Desenvolvimento de barra de cereal salgada enriquecida com farinha de albedo de maracujá. Enciclopédia Biosfera. 7(12).
Rozenfeld, H., Forcellini, F. A., Toledo, J. C., Silva, S. L., Alliprandini, D. H., & Scalice, R. K. (2006). Gestão de desenvolvimento de produtos: uma referência para a melhoria do processo. São Paulo: Saraiva.
Salvim, M. O., Thomazini, M., Pelaquim, F. P., Urbano, A., Moraes, I. C. F., & Favaro-Trindade, C. S. (2015). Production and structural characterization of solid lipid microparticles loaded with soybean protein hydrolysate. Food Research International, 76, 689–696.
Sartori, T., Consoli, L., Hubinger, M. D., & Menegalli, F. C. (2015). Ascorbic acid microencapsulation by spray chilling: production and characterization. LWT- Food Science and Technology, 63(1), 353–360.
Soares, L. M. V., & Furlani, R. P. Z. (1996). Survey of Aflatoxins, Ocratoxins A, Zearalenone and Sterigmatocystin in health foods and breakfast cereals commercialized in city of Campinas São Paulo. Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 16(5), 126–129.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge partnerships with the University of Contestado (UnC) and the Pirassununga campus of the University of São Paulo (USP).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bampi, G.B., Backes, G.T., Cansian, R.L. et al. Spray Chilling Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and Its Use in the Preparation of Savory Probiotic Cereal Bars. Food Bioprocess Technol 9, 1422–1428 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-016-1724-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-016-1724-z