References
Conn JW: Part I. Painting background. Part II. Primary aldosteronism: a new clinical syndrome. J Lab Clin Med 1990, 116:253–267.
Conn JW: Primary aldosteronism. In Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Treatment, edn 1. Edited by Genest O, Harnet P. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977:768–780.
Conn JW: Plasma renin activity in primary aldosteronism. JAMA 1964, 190:222–225.
Conn JW, Cohen EL, Rovner DR, Nesbit RM: Normokalemic primary aldosteronism: a detectable cause of curable "essential" hypertension. JAMA 1965, 193:200–206.
Conn JW, Rovner DR, Cohen EL, Nesbit RM: Normokalemic primary aldosteronism: its masquerade as "essential" hypertension. JAMA 1966, 195:21–26.
Kaplan NM: The incidence of primary aldosteronism in patients with "essential" hypertension. J Lab Clin Med 1965, 66:883–884.
Kaplan NM: The incidence of primary aldosteronism in patients with "essential" hypertension. J Clin Invest 1966, 45:1031–1032.
Kaplan NM: Commentary on incidence of primary aldosteronism: current estimations based on objective data. Arch Intern Med 1969, 123:152–154.
Conn JW: A concluding response. Arch Intern Med 1969, 123:154–155.
Gordon RD, Ziesak MD, Tunny TJ, et al.: Evidence that primary aldosteronism may not be uncommon: 12% incidence among antihypertensive drug trial volunteers. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1993, 20:296–298.
Anderson GH Jr, Blakeman N, Streeten DH: The effect of age on prevalence of secondary forms of hypertension in 4429 consecutively referred patients. J Hypertens 1994, 12:609–615.
Gordon RD, Stowasser M, Tunny TJ, et al.: High incidence of primary aldosteronism in 199 patients referred with hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1994, 21:315–318.
Abdelhamid S, Muller LH, Pahl S, et al.: Prevalence of adrenal and extra-adrenal Conn syndrome in hypertensive patients. Arch Intern Med 1996, 156:1190–1195.
Brown MA, Cramp HA, Zammit VC, Whitworth JA: Primary hyperaldosteronism: a missed diagnosis in ‘essential hypertensives’? Aust N Z J Med 1996, 26:533–538.
Rossi GP, Rossi E, Pavan E, et al.: Screening for primary aldosteronism with a logistic multivariate discriminant analysis. Clin Endocrinol Oxf 1998, 49:713–723.
Mosso L, Fardella C, Montero J, et al.: [High prevalence of undiagnosed primary hyperaldosteronism among patients with essential hypertension]. Rev Med Chil 1999, 127:800–806.
Rayner BL, Opie LH, Davidson JS: The aldosterone/renin ratio as a screening test for primary aldosteronism. S Afr Med J 2000, 90:394–400.
Loh KC, Koay ES, Khaw MC, et al.: Prevalence of primary aldosteronism among Asian hypertensive patients in Singapore. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000, 85:2854–2859.
Denolle T, Hanon O, Mounier-Vehier C, et al.: [What tests should be conducted for secondary arterial hypertension in hypertensive patients resistant to treatment?]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2000, 93:1037–1039.
Cortes P, Fardella C, Oestreicher E, et al.: [Excess of mineralocorticoids in essential hypertension: clinicaldiagnostic approach]. Rev Med Chil 2000, 128:955–961.
Nishikawa T, Omura M: Clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism: its prevalence and comparative studies on various causes of primary aldosteronism in Yokohama Rosai Hospital. Biomed Pharmacother 2000, 54(Suppl 1):83s-85s.
Fardella CE, Mosso L, Gomez-Sanchez C, et al.: Primary hyperaldosteronism in essential hypertensives: prevalence, biochemical profile, and molecular biology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000, 85:1863–1867.
Lim PO, Dow E, Brennan G, et al.: High prevalence of primary aldosteronism in the Tayside hypertension clinic population. J Hum Hypertens 2000, 14:311–315.
Rayner BL, Myers JE, Opie LH, et al.: Screening for primary aldosteronism: normal ranges for aldosterone and renin in three South African population groups. S Afr Med J 2001, 91:594–599.
Calhoun DA, Nishizaka MK, Zaman MA, et al.: Hyperaldosteronism among black and white subjects with resistant hypertension. Hypertension 2002, 40:892–896.
Rossi E, Regolisti G, Negro A, et al.: High prevalence of primary aldosteronism using postcaptopril plasma aldosterone to renin ratio as a screening test among Italian hypertensives. Am J Hypertens 2002, 15:896–902.
Schwartz GL, Chapman AB, Boerwinkle E, et al.: Screening for primary aldosteronism: implications of an increased plasma aldosterone/renin ratio. Clin Chem 2002, 48:1919–1923.
Bravo EL: Secondary hypertension: a streamlined approach to diagnosis. Postgrad Med 1986, 80:139–151.
Halimi JM, Mimran A: Albuminuria in untreated patients with primary aldosteronism or essential hypertension. J Hypertens 1995, 13:1801–1802.
Nishimura M, Uzu T, Fujii T, et al.: Cardiovascular complications in patients with primary aldosteronism. Am J Kidney Dis 1999, 33:261–266.
Takeda R, Matsubara T, Miyamori I, et al.: Vascular complications in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma in Japan: comparative study with essential hypertension. The Research Committee of Disorders of Adrenal Hormones in Japan. J Endocrinol Invest 1995, 18:370–373.
Suzuki T, Abe H, Nagata S, et al.: Left ventricular structural characteristics in unilateral renovascular hypertension and primary aldosteronism. Am J Cardiol 1988, 62:1224–1227.
Denolle T, Chatellier G, Julien J, et al.: Left ventricular mass and geometry before and after etiologic treatment in renovascular hypertension, aldosterone-producing adenoma, and pheochromocytoma. Am J Hypertens 1993, 6:907–913.
Rossi GP, Sacchetto A, Visentin PA, et al.: Changes in left ventricular anatomy and function in hypertension and primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 1996, 27:1039–1045.
Shigematsu Y, Hamada M, Okayama H, et al.: Left ventricular hypertrophy precedes other target-organ damage in primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 1997, 29:723–727.
Rossi GP, Sacchetto A, Pavan E, et al.: Remodeling of the left ventricle in primary aldosteronism due to Conn’s adenoma. Circulation 1997, 95:1471–1478.
Rossi G, Rossi A, Zanin L, et al.: Prevalence of extracranial carotid artery lesions at duplex in primary aldosteronism. Am J Hypertens 1993, 6:8–14.
Rizzoni D, Porteri E, Castellano M, et al.: Endothelial dysfunction in hypertension is independent from the etiology and from vascular structure. Hypertension 1998, 31:335–341.
Rizzoni D, Muiesan ML, Porteri E, et al.: Relations between cardiac and vascular structure in patients with primary and secondary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998, 32:985–992.
Campbell SE, Diaz-Arias AA, Weber KT: Fibrosis of the human heart and systemic organs in adrenal adenoma. Blood Press 1992, 1:149–156.
Rossi GP, Di Bello V, Ganzaroli C, et al.: Excess aldosterone is associated with alterations of myocardial texture in primary aldosteronism. Hypertension 2002, 40:23–27.
Kozakova M, Buralli S, Palombo C, et al.: Myocardial ultrasonic backscatter in hypertension: relation to aldosterone and endothelin. Hypertension 2003, 41:230–236.
Rossi GP, Sacchetto A, Pavan E, et al.: Left ventricular systolic function in primary aldosteronism and hypertension. J Hypertens 1997, 19 (Suppl8):S147-S151.
Brilla CG, Pick R, Tan LB, et al.: Remodeling of the rat right and left ventricles in experimental hypertension. Circ Res 1990, 67:1355–1364.
Brilla CG, Maisch B, Rupp H, et al.: Pharmacological modulation of cardiac fibroblast function. Herz 1995, 20:127–134.
Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, et al.: The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:709–717.
Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F, et al.: Eplerenone: a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:1309–1321.
Rossi GP, Chiesura Corona M, et al.: Imaging of aldosteronesecreting adenomas: a prospective comparison of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in 27 patients with suspected primary aldosteronism. J HumHypertens 1993, 7:357–363.
Rossi GP, Chiesura-Corona M, Gregianin M: Diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism. Ann Intern Med 1995, 123:73–74.
Scoggins BA, Oddie CJ, Hare WSC, Coghlan JP: Preoperative lateralisation of aldosterone-producing tumours in primary aldosteronism. Ann Intern Med 1972, 76:891–897.
Rossi GP, Sacchetto A, Chiesura-Corona M, et al.: Identification of the etiology of primary aldosteronism with adrenal vein sampling in patients with equivocal computed tomography and magnetic resonance findings: results in 104 consecutive cases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001, 86:1083–1090.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rossi, G.P. Primary aldosteronism: A needle in a haystack or a yellow cab on fifth avenue?. Current Science Inc 6, 1–4 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-004-0001-0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-004-0001-0