Skip to main content
Log in

Natriuretic Peptide Testing in High-Risk Pregnancy: A Preventive Opportunity?

  • Biomarkers of Heart Failure (WHW Tang, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Heart Failure Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Natriuretic peptide testing has been widely utilized in the heart failure and cardiac patient population, but there is limited utilization during pregnancy. Patients with hypertensive diseases of pregnancy have been shown to experience elevation of circulating natriuretic peptide levels compared to normal pregnancies, especially in the setting of preeclampsia. Natriuretic peptide testing can be utilized in patients presenting with signs and symptoms suspicious of heart failure in order to rule out underlying cardiac causes. Meanwhile, monitoring natriuretic peptide levels in those with established heart diseases (both congenital and acquired) may facilitate careful management of cardiac status during the course of pregnancy. Further investigations in the judicious use of selected medications (particularly loop diuretics) in the setting of elevated natriuretic peptide levels are warranted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance

  1. Clark SL, Cotton DB, Lee W, et al. Central hemodynamic assessment of normal term pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;161(6 Pt 1):1439–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chapman AB, Abraham WT, Zamudio S, et al. Temporal relationships between hormonal and hemodynamic changes in early human pregnancy. Kidney Int. 1998;54(6):2056–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Blomstrom Lundqvist C, Borghi C, et al. ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy: the Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2011;32(24):3147–97. Comprehensive review of management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ruys TP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Hall R, et al. Heart failure in pregnant women with cardiac disease: data from the ROPAC. Heart. 2014;100(3):231–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System. Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System. Accessed: 09/07/2014.

  6. Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(16):e147–239.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Correa de Sa DD, Chen HH. The role of natriuretic peptides in heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2008;5(3):177–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Seong WJ, Kim SC, Hong DG, Koo TB, Park IS. Amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2011;30(3):287–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sawada Y, Suda M, Yokoyama H, et al. Stretch-induced hypertrophic growth of cardiocytes and processing of brain-type natriuretic peptide are controlled by proprotein-processing endoprotease furin. J Biol Chem. 1997;272(33):20545–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Yan W, Wu F, Morser J, Wu Q. Corin, a transmembrane cardiac serine protease, acts as a pro-atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97(15):8525–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ichiki T, Huntley BK, Heublein DM, et al. Corin is present in the normal human heart, kidney, and blood, with pro-B-type natriuretic peptide processing in the circulation. Clin Chem. 2011;57(1):40–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Clerico A, Passino C, Franzini M, Emdin M. Cardiac biomarker testing in the clinical laboratory: where do we stand? General overview of the methodology with special emphasis on natriuretic peptides. Clin Chim Acta. 2014.

  13. Clerico A, Giannoni A, Vittorini S, Passino C. Thirty years of the heart as an endocrine organ: physiological role and clinical utility of cardiac natriuretic hormones. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011;301(1):H12–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2013;122(5):1122–31.

  15. Hameed AB, Chan K, Ghamsary M, Elkayam U. Longitudinal changes in the B-type natriuretic peptide levels in normal pregnancy and postpartum. Clin Cardiol. 2009;32(8):E60–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Resnik JL, Hong C, Resnik R, et al. Evaluation of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in normal and preeclamptic women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;193(2):450–4. First observation series using clinically available BNP testing in preeclampsia patients.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Yurteri-Kaplan L, Saber S, Zamudio S, et al. Brain natriuretic peptide in term pregnancy. Reprod Sci. 2012;19(5):520–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Wang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D, et al. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels and the risk of cardiovascular events and death. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(7):655–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Furuhashi N, Kimura H, Nagae H, Yajima A, Kimura C, Saito T. Brain natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide levels in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Gynecol Obstet Investig. 1994;38(2):73–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Yoshimura T, Yoshimura M, Yasue H, et al. Plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide during normal human pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Endocrinol. 1994;140(3):393–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Borghi C, Cicero AF, Degli Esposti D, et al. Hemodynamic and neurohumoral profile in patients with different types of hypertension in pregnancy. Intern Emerg Med. 2011;6(3):227–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Borghi C, Esposti DD, Immordino V, et al. Relationship of systemic hemodynamics, left ventricular structure and function, and plasma natriuretic peptide concentrations during pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183(1):140–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Tihtonen KM, Koobi T, Vuolteenaho O, Huhtala HS, Uotila JT. Natriuretic peptides and hemodynamics in preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196(4):328 e321–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Folk JJ, Lipari CW, Nosovitch JT, Silverman RK, Carlson RJ, Navone AJ. Evaluating ventricular function with B-type natriuretic peptide in obstetric patients. J Reprod Med. 2005;50(3):147–54.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Rafik Hamad R, Larsson A, Pernow J, Bremme K, Eriksson MJ. Assessment of left ventricular structure and function in preeclampsia by echocardiography and cardiovascular biomarkers. J Hypertens. 2009;27(11):2257–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Afshani N, Moustaqim-Barrette A, Biccard BM, Rodseth RN, Dyer RA. Utility of B-type natriuretic peptides in preeclampsia: a systematic review. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2013;22(2):96–103.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Tanous D, Siu SC, Mason J, et al. B-type natriuretic peptide in pregnant women with heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(15):1247–53. Paper establishing potential clinical utility of BNP in patients with established heart disease during pregnancy.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Grewal J, Silversides CK, Colman JM. Pregnancy in women with heart disease: risk assessment and management of heart failure. Heart Fail Clin. 2014;10(1):117–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Khairy P, Ouyang DW, Fernandes SM, Lee-Parritz A, Economy KE, Landzberg MJ. Pregnancy outcomes in women with congenital heart disease. Circulation. 2006;113(4):517–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Zollner J, Curry R, Johnson M. The contribution of heart disease to maternal mortality. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2013;25(2):91–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Uebing A, Arvanitis P, Li W, et al. Effect of pregnancy on clinical status and ventricular function in women with heart disease. Int J Cardiol. 2010;139(1):50–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Guedes A, Mercier LA, Leduc L, Berube L, Marcotte F, Dore A. Impact of pregnancy on the systemic right ventricle after a Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44(2):433–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Haththotuwa HR, Attygalle D, Jayatilleka AC, Karunaratna V, Thorne SA. Maternal mortality due to cardiac disease in Sri Lanka. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;104(3):194–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Hunter S, Robson SC. Adaptation of the maternal heart in pregnancy. Br Heart J. 1992;68(6):540–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Greutmann M, Silversides CK. The ROPAC registry: a multicentre collaboration on pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(9):634–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Siu SC, Sermer M, Colman JM, et al. Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease. Circulation. 2001;104(5):515–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Compliance with Ethics Guidelines

Conflict of Interest

Meera Kumari declares that she has no conflict of interest.

W.H. Wilson Tang is funded by research grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01HL103931) and Abbott Laboratories.

Anjli P. Maroo is funded by research grants from the Community West Foundation and Abbott Laboratories.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anjli P. Maroo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumari, M., Tang, W.H.W. & Maroo, A.P. Natriuretic Peptide Testing in High-Risk Pregnancy: A Preventive Opportunity?. Curr Heart Fail Rep 11, 471–476 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-014-0228-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-014-0228-2

Keywords

Navigation