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Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity

  • Small Intestine (D Sachar, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of review

A new syndrome responding to gluten-free diet and defined non-celiac gluten sensitivity entered the spectrum of gluten-related disorders, together with celiac disease and wheat allergy. However, its definition, prevalence, diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, and follow up are still controversial. The purpose of the review is to summarize the evidence and problems emerging from the current literature.

Recent findings

Direct implication of gluten in the onset of symptoms is often unproved as a low fermentable oligo-, di- and mono-saccharides and polyols diet or other components of cereals as wheat amylase trypsin inhibitor could be similarly involved. To date, no specific biomarkers or histological abnormalities confirm diagnosis, and only the self-reported response to gluten-free diet as well as a positive double blind placebo-gluten challenge characterizes these non-celiac, non-wheat allergic patients.

Summary

Critical revision of published studies can offer practical indications in approaching this clinical topic and useful suggestions to standardize scientific researches.

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Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy

    Maria Teresa Bardella, Luca Elli & Francesca Ferretti

  2. Department of Medical, Surgical and Transplant Physiopathology, University of Milan, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy

    Francesca Ferretti

  3. Via Giambologna, 1 – 20136, Milan, Italy

    Maria Teresa Bardella

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  1. Maria Teresa Bardella
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  2. Luca Elli
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  3. Francesca Ferretti
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Correspondence to Maria Teresa Bardella.

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Drs Bardella and Ferretti have no conflict of interest to declare.

Dr. Elli reports personal fees from Schär Institute, outside the submitted work

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by the author.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Small Intestine

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Bardella, M.T., Elli, L. & Ferretti, F. Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 18, 63 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-016-0536-7

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