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Anti-Inflammatory Strategies to Enhance Islet Engraftment and Survival

  • Transplantation (A Pileggi, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Early innate inflammatory reaction strongly affects islet engraftment and survival after intrahepatic transplantation. This early immune response is triggered by ischemia-reperfusion injury and instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) occurring hours and days after islet infusion. Evidence in both mouse model and in human counterpart suggest the involvement of coagulation, complement system, and proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines. Identification and targeting of pathway(s), playing a role as “master regulator(s)” in post-transplant detrimental inflammatory events, is now mandatory to improve islet transplantation success. This review will focus on inflammatory pathway(s) differentially modulated by islet isolation and mainly associated with the early post-transplant events. Moreover, we will take into account anti-inflammatory strategies that have been tested at 2 levels: on the graft, ex vivo, during islet culture (i.e., donor) and/or on the graft site, in vivo, early after islet infusion (i.e., recipient).

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Conflict of Interest

Antonio Citro declares that he has no conflict of interest. Elisa Cantarelli declares that she has no conflict of interest. Lorenzo Piemonti has received grant support from Dompe S.P:A. for support with a support pre-clinical study with CXCR1/2 inhibitor and clinical Trial NCT01220856.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beta Cell Biology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy

    Antonio Citro, Elisa Cantarelli & Lorenzo Piemonti

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Antonio Citro

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  1. Antonio Citro
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  2. Elisa Cantarelli
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  3. Lorenzo Piemonti
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Correspondence to Antonio Citro.

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Citro, A., Cantarelli, E. & Piemonti, L. Anti-Inflammatory Strategies to Enhance Islet Engraftment and Survival. Curr Diab Rep 13, 733–744 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-013-0401-0

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