Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Novel Therapies for Critical Limb-Threatening Ischemia

  • New Therapies for Cardiovascular Disease (AA Bavry and MR Massoomi, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Cardiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review intends to discuss the latest endovascular and surgical advancement in the treatment of critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).

Recent Findings

We discuss novel endovascular technological advancements such as intravascular lithotripsy, the Tack endovascular stent, the PQ Bypass DETOUR system, and the LimFlow System for deep venous arterialization (DVA) in the very high risk “no-option” CLTI population. We also discuss the increasing adoption of radial and pedal approaches for endovascular revascularization and the tibiopedal arterial minimally invasive (TAMI) technique. On the surgical front, we discuss the distal vein patch technique and surgical and hybrid DVA.

Summary

Recent advancements in the treatment options of CLTI will likely lead to reducing the rate of major amputations if they are adopted in a collaborative environment in order to apply the most appropriate treatment option to each individual patient based on the anatomy, comorbidities, functional status, and local expertise.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

  1. • Mustapha JA, Katzen BT, Neville RF, Lookstein RA, Zeller T, Miller LE, et al. Determinants of long-term outcomes and costs in the management of critical limb ischemia: a population-based cohort study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(16):e009724. https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.118.009724. This is a seminal paper that highlighted the mortality associated with CLTI.

  2. Mustapha JA, Katzen BT, Neville RF, Lookstein RA, Zeller TH, Miller LE, et al. Critical limb ischemia: a threat to life and limb. Endovasc Today. 2019;18:80–2.

  3. •• Conte MS, Bradbury AW, Kolh P, White JV, Dick F, Fitridge R, et al. Global vascular guidelines on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2019;69:3S–125S.e40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2019.02.016This paper discusses the new definition of CLTI.

  4. Duff S, Mafilios MS, Bhounsule P, Hasegawa JT. The burden of critical limb ischemia: a review of recent literature. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2019;187–208. https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s209241.

  5. Agarwal S, Sud K, Shishehbor MH. Nationwide trends of hospital admission and outcomes among critical limb ischemia patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(16):1901–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.02.040.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. https://evtoday.com/news/fda-approves-shockwave-medicals-lithoplasty-system-to-treat-calcified-pad. Accessed 26 Sep 2021.

  7. Geraghty PJ, Adams GL, Schmidt A, Lichtenberg M, Wissgott C, Armstrong EJ, et al. Twelve-month results of tack-optimized balloon angioplasty using the Tack Endovascular System in Below-the-Knee Arteries (TOBA II BTK). J Endovasc Ther. 2020;27:626–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1526602820944402.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lodha A, Giannopoulos S, Sumar R, Ratcliffe J, Gorenchtein M, Green P, et al. Transradial endovascular intervention: results from the Radial accEss for nAvigation to your CHosen lesion for Peripheral Vascular Intervention (REACH PVI) study. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2021;S1553–8389(21):00255–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2021.05.011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Krievins DK, Halena G, Scheinert D, Savlovskis J, Szopiński P, Krämer A, et al. One-year results from the DETOUR I trial of the PQ Bypass DETOUR System for percutaneous femoropopliteal bypass. J Vasc Surg. 2020;1648–1658.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.02.043.

  10. https://vascularnews.com/pq-bypass-completes-enrolment-in-detour-ii-pivotal-study/. Accessed 26 Sep 2021.

  11. https://vascularnews.com/deeper-ous-temporary-spur-stent-enrolment/. Accessed 26 Sep 2021.

  12. Mustapha JA, Saab FA, Clair D, Schneider P. Interim results of the PROMISE I trial to investigate the LimFlow system of percutaneous deep vein arterialization for the treatment of critical limb ischemia. J Invasive Cardiol. 2019;31(3):57–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Clair DG, Mustapha JA, Shishehbor MH, Schneider PA, Henao S, Bernardo NN, et al. PROMISE I early feasibility study of the LimFlow System for percutaneous deep vein arterialization in no-option chronic limb-threatening ischemia 12-month results. J Vasc Surg. 2021;S0741–5214(21):00737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2021.04.057.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Brown M, Pupp G. Clinical pearls for management of postoperative deep vein arterialization patients following lower extremity minor amputation: a case series. Vascular Disease Management. 2020;17(7):E131–6.

    Google Scholar 

  15. The limflow system. https://limflow.com/us/technology/. Accessed 9 Sep 2021.

  16. Ysa A, Lobato M, Mikelarena E, Arruabarrena A, Gómez R, Apodaka A, et al. Homemade device to facilitate percutaneous venous arterialization in patients with no-option critical limb ischemia. J Endovasc Ther. 2019;26(2):213–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1526602819830983.

  17. •• Mustapha JA, Saab F, McGoff TN, Adams G, Mullins JR, Al-Dadah A, et al. Tibiopedal arterial minimally invasive retrograde revascularization (TAMI) in patients with peripheral arterial disease and critical limb ischemia. On behalf of the Peripheral Registry of Endovascular Clinical Outcomes (PRIME). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2020;95:447–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.28639. This paper discussed the safety and efficacy of the TAMI approach.

  18. Neville RF, Lidsky M, Capone A, Babrowicz J, Rahbar R, Sidawy AN. An expanded series of distal bypass using the distal vein patch technique to improve prosthetic graft performance in critical limb ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012;44:177–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.04.014.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Neville RF, Tempesta B, Sidawy AN. Tibial bypass for limb salvage using polytetrafluoroethylene and a distal vein patch. J Vasc Surg. 2001;33:266–72. https://doi.org/10.1067/mva.2001.113131.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ho VT, Gologorsky R, Kibrik P, Chandra V, Prent A, Lee J, et al. Open, percutaneous, and hybrid deep venous arterialization technique for no-option foot salvage. J Vasc Surg. 2020;71:2152–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2019.10.085.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ferraresi R, Casini A, Losurdo F, Caminiti M, Ucci A, Longhi M, et al. Hybrid foot vein arterialization in no-option patients with critical limb ischemia: a preliminary report. J Endovasc Ther. 2019;26(1):7–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1526602818820792.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Alexandrescu V, Ngongang C, Vincent G, Ledent G, Hubermont G. Deep calf veins arterialization for inferior limb preservation in diabetic patients with extended ischaemic wounds, unfit for direct arterial reconstruction: preliminary results according to an angiosome model of perfusion. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2011;12:10–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2009.12.002.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Neville RF, Dy B, Singh N, DeZee KJ. Distal vein patch with an arteriovenous fistula: a viable option for the patient without autogenous conduit and severe distal occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg. 2009;50(1):83–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2008.12.052.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ashkan Karimi.

Ethics declarations

ConsentConflict of Interest

Richard F. Neville reports being on the Scientific Advisory board for WL Gore, outside the submitted work.

The other authors do not have any financial disclosures relevant to the content of this article.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on New Therapies for Cardiovascular Disease

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 Revascularization of a completely occluded superficial femoral artery via retrograde approach. After successful crossing and intravascular interrogation of the occluded segment, there was only dissection at the ostium of the superficial femoral artery at the retrograde reentry site, which was treated with 1 Tack stent leaving only 6 mm length of the metal footprint (MP4 19049 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Karimi, A., Lauria, A.L., Aryavand, B. et al. Novel Therapies for Critical Limb-Threatening Ischemia. Curr Cardiol Rep 24, 513–517 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-022-01669-6

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-022-01669-6

Keywords

Navigation