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Mechanisms of Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Development and Regeneration

  • Regenerative Medicine (SM Wu, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Cardiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect and acquired heart disease is the leading cause of death in adults. Understanding the mechanisms that drive cardiomyocyte proliferation and differentiation has the potential to advance the understanding and potentially the treatment of different cardiac pathologies, ranging from myopathies and heart failure to myocardial infarction. This review focuses on studies aimed at elucidating signal transduction pathways and molecular mechanisms that promote proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration of differentiated heart muscle cells, cardiomyocytes.

Recent Findings

There is now significant evidence that demonstrates cardiomyocytes continue to proliferate into adulthood. Potential regulators have been identified, including cell cycle regulators, extracellular ligands such as neuregulin, epigenetic targets, reactive oxygen species, and microRNA.

Summary

The necessary steps should involve validating and applying the new knowledge about cardiomyocyte regeneration towards the development of therapeutic targets for patients. This will be facilitated by the application of standardized pre-clinical models to study cardiomyocyte regeneration.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research (Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC), by a Transatlantic Network of Excellence grant by Fondation Leducq (15CVD03), Children’s Cardiomyopathy Foundation, and NIH grants R01HL106302 and U01MH098953 (to BK). We apologize for the researchers whose publications we were not able to discuss and cite due to space constraints.

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  1. Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224-1334, USA

    Jessie Wettig Yester

  2. Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research and Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224-1334, USA

    Bernhard Kühn

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Jessie Wettig Yester and Bernhard Kühn declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Yester, J.W., Kühn, B. Mechanisms of Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Development and Regeneration. Curr Cardiol Rep 19, 13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-017-0826-1

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