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Epigenetic Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function in Atherosclerosis

  • Genetics (AJ Marian, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Epigenetics involve heritable and acquired changes in gene transcription that occur independently of the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms constitute a hierarchic upper-level of transcriptional control through complex modifications of chromosomal components and nuclear structures. These modifications include, for example, DNA methylation or post-translational modifications of core histones; they are mediated by various chromatin-modifying enzymes; and ultimately they define the accessibility of a transcriptional complex to its target DNA. Integrating epigenetic mechanisms into the pathophysiologic concept of complex and multifactorial diseases such as atherosclerosis may significantly enhance our understanding of related mechanisms and provide promising therapeutic approaches. Although still in its infancy, intriguing scientific progress has begun to elucidate the role of epigenetic mechanisms in vascular biology, particularly in the control of smooth muscle cell phenotypes. In this review, we will summarize epigenetic pathways in smooth muscle cells, focusing on mechanisms involved in the regulation of vascular remodeling.

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Conflicts of Interest

Hannes M. Findeisen reports no conflicts of interest.

Florian K. Kahles reports no conflicts of interest.

Dennis Bruemmer reports no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Hannes M. Findeisen & Florian K. Kahles

  2. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart Institute, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA

    Dennis Bruemmer

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  1. Hannes M. Findeisen
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Correspondence to Hannes M. Findeisen.

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Findeisen, H.M., Kahles, F.K. & Bruemmer, D. Epigenetic Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function in Atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 15, 319 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-013-0319-7

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