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Autoimmunity in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

  • AUTOIMMUNITY (TK TARRANT, SECTION EDITOR)
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Abstract

Dry eye is a chronic corneal disease that impacts the quality of life of many older adults. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), a form of aqueous-deficient dry eye, is frequently associated with Sjögren’s syndrome and mechanisms of autoimmunity. For KCS and other forms of dry eye, current treatments are limited, with many medications providing only symptomatic relief rather than targeting the pathophysiology of disease. Here, we review proposed mechanisms in the pathogenesis of autoimmune-based KCS: genetic susceptibility and disruptions in antigen recognition, immune response, and immune regulation. By understanding the mechanisms of immune dysfunction through basic science and translational research, potential drug targets can be identified. Finally, we discuss current dry eye therapies as well as promising new treatment options and drug therapy targets.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to graciously thank Jennifer Williamson, MD, for her contributions in reading and providing feedback for this manuscript.

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Conflict of Interest

Katy C. Liu, Kyle Huynh, Joseph Grubbs Jr., and Richard M. Davis declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, CB# 7040, 5151 Bioinformatics Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Katy C. Liu, Katy C. Liu, Kyle Huynh, Joseph Grubbs Jr. & Richard M. Davis

  2. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Joseph Grubbs Jr.

  3. George Washington University, The School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20037, USA

    Kyle Huynh

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  1. Katy C. Liu
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Correspondence to Richard M. Davis.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Autoimmunity

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Liu, K.C., Huynh, K., Grubbs, J. et al. Autoimmunity in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 14, 403 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-013-0403-7

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