Abstract
A new dune area was constructed using beach and foreshore nourishment along the Dutch dune coast in the delta area. The new area is intended as a compensation for losses of existing high quality dune habitat as a result of the use of Maasvlakte 2 (MV-2), the new extension of Rotterdam harbour. Compensation was required under international EU Community regulations because the existing dune areas that could potentially be affected are protected under the EU Natura2000. The paper discusses the political and management aspects at EU- and regional levels. In The Netherlands, the construction of a compensation area along the coast, due to the extension of an international harbour, has been a procedure without precedence. The knowledge-based design and construction of the area and the set up of monitoring and evaluation programs in the context of policy and management are described. We believe that they provide innovative ideas for coastal management worldwide. Aspects of construction and landscape ecological developments of the same area have been reported in an earlier paper (van der Meulen et al. 2014).
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Acknowledgments
We acknowledge colleagues of Rijkswaterstaat, especially Mr Nico Bootsma, director of the Project Bureau Delflandse Kust under the authority of which construction of Spanjaards Duin took place, and of the Foundation het Zuid-Hollands Landschap (regional manager Mr Maarten van der Valk). Figures 1 and 2 were drawn by Hans van Bergem, Deltares. Cor Schipper (Deltares) gave valuable information on reduction of NOx emission in the context of Maasvlakte 2. We thank the reviewers for their valuable comments which have greatly improved the manuscript.
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van der Meulen, F., van der Valk, B., Vertegaal, K. et al. ‘Building with nature’ at the Dutch dune coast: compensation target management in Spanjaards Duin at EU and regional policy levels. J Coast Conserv 19, 707–714 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-014-0368-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-014-0368-2