Abstract
The proposed waste packages for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste at the potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, consist of an outer container and inner container. The outer container is made of alloy 22, a corrosion-resistant Ni-Cr-Mo-W alloy, while the inner container is made of type 316 nuclear-grade stainless steel. Fabrication processes such as welding and postweld heat treatments can induce changes to the microstructure of alloy 22. Such microstructural changes can reduce ductility and impact strength and promote localized corrosion. Environmental conditions within the emplacement drifts, such as composition of solutions contacting the waste packages, can also affect localized corrosion susceptibility. In this study, the effects of fabrication processes on impact strength, fracture toughness, and crevice-corrosion resistance of alloy 22 were investigated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yucca Mountain Science and Engineering Report, DOE/RW-0539-1, Rev. 1 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy, 2002).
M.J. Cieslak, T.J. Headley, and A.D. Romig Jr., Met. Trans. A, 17A (1986), pp. 2035–2047.
T.S.E. Summers et al., “Influence of Thermal Aging on the Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of GTAW Welds on Alloy N0602,” Symposium Proceedings Volume 713, ed. B.P. McGrail and G.A. Cragnolino (Warrendale, PA: Materials Research Society, 2002), pp. 45–52.
T.S.E. Summers, R.B. Rebak, and R.R. Seeley, Influence of Thermal Aging on the Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of C-22 Alloy Welds, UCRL-JC-137727 (2000).
U.L. Heubner et al., Corrosion, 45 (1989), pp. 249–259.
D.S. Dunn et al., “Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22,” CORROSION 2003, paper no. 697 (Houston, TX: NACE, 2003).
Y.-M. Pan, D.S. Dunn, and G.A. Cragnolino, “Phase Stability and Corrosion of Alloy 22 as a High-Level Nuclear Waste Container Material,” Electron Microscopy: Its Role in Materials Science—The Mike Meshii Symposium, ed. J.R. Weertman et al. (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 2003), pp. 201–208.
G.A. Cragnolino, D.S. Dunn, and Y.-M. Pan, “Localized Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22 as a Waste Package Container Material,” Symposium Proceedings Volume 713, ed. B.P. McGrail and G.A. Cragnolino (Warrendale, PA: Materials Research Society, 2002), pp. 53–60.
D.S. Dunn et al., “Effect of Fabrication Processes on Alloy 22 Corrosion Resistance,” CORROSION 2004, paper no. 698 (Houston, TX: NACE International, 2004).
N.D. Rosenberg, G.E. Gdowski, and K.G. Knauss, Applied Geochem., 16 (2001), pp. 1231–1240.
Bechtel SAIC Company, LLC, “Technical Basis Document No. 5: In-Drift Chemical Environment,” Rev. 1 (Las Vegas, NV: Bechtel SAIC Company, September 2003).
D.S. Dunn, G.A. Cragnolino, and N. Sridhar, Corrosion, 56, 1 (2000), pp. 90–104.
“Standard Specification for Low-Carbon Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tantalum, and Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip,” ASTM B-575-99a: Annual Book of Standards. Volume 02.04: Nonferrous Metals—Nickel, Cobalt, Lead, Tin, Zinc, Cadmium, Precious, Reactive, Refractory Metals and Alloys; Materials for Thermostats, Electrical Heating and Resistance Contacts, and Connects (West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2001).
“Materials, Part C—Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals,” Section II of the 2001 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (New York: ASME International, 2001).
“Welding and Brazing Qualifications” 2003 Addenda Section IX of the 2003 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (New York: ASME International, 2003).
“Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Material,” E 23-02: Annual Book of Standards, Volume 3.01: Metals—Mechanical Testing; Elevated and Low-Temperature Tests; Metallography (West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2002.)
“Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness,” E 1820-99a: Annual Book of Standards, Volume 3.01: Metals—Mechanical Testing; Elevated and Low-Temperature Tests; Metallography (West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2000).
M.J. Cieslak et al., Met. Trans. A, 17A (1986), pp. 2107–2116.
M. Raghavan et al., Met. Trans. A, 15A (1984), pp. 783–792.
D.S. Dunn, D. Daruwalla, and Y.M. Pan, Effect of Fabrication Processes on Materials Stability—Characterization and Corrosion, Report No. CNWRA 2004-01 (San Antonio, TX: CNWRA, 2004).
Aging and Phase Stability of Waste Package Outer Barrier, ANL-EBS-MD-000002, Rev. 00 (Las Vegas, NV: CRWMS M&O, 2000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
For more information, contact D.S. Dunn, Southwest Research Institute, Center of Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238-5166; (210) 522-6090; fax (210) 522-5184; e-mail ddunn@swri.org.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dunn, D.S., Pan, Y.M., Chiang, K.T. et al. The localized corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of alloy 22 waste package outer containers. JOM 57, 49–55 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-005-0064-7
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-005-0064-7