Skip to main content
Log in

Quicksilver from cinnabar: The first documented mechanochemical reaction?

  • Archaeotechnology
  • Feature
  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Theophrastus’ book On Stones, written in the fourth century b.c., is the earliest known work on minerals, their properties, and applications. The book is full of interesting information compiled in a clear, easy-to-read style. The excerpt examined in this article is especially important, as it represents the first known mechanochemical reaction, as well as the first description of any process for obtaining a pure metal from a compound.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Carey-Lea, Phil. Mag., 34 (1892), p. 46; 37 (1894), pp. 31 and 470.

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. Heinicke, Tribochemistry (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1984).

    Google Scholar 

  3. E.G. Avvakumov, Mechanochemical Methods of the Activation of Chemical Processes (Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1986).

    Google Scholar 

  4. A.Z. Juhasz and L. Opoczky, Mechanical Activation of Minerals by Grinding (Budapest, Hungary: Akademia Kiado, 1990).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Zvi Goffer, Archaeological Chemistry, A Sourcebook on the Applications of Chemistry to Archaeology (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1980), p. 208.

    Google Scholar 

  6. J. Hill, Theophrastus’ History of Stones (London: 1774), p. 235.

  7. Theophrastus, De Lapidibus, Translation and Commentary by D.E. Eichholz (New York: Oxford University Press, 1965), p. 8.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Hill, Theophrastus’ History of Stones (London: 1774), p. 232.

  9. E.R. Caley and J.F.C. Richards, Theophrastus on Stones (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University, 1956), pp. 58 and 204.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Theophrastus, De Lapidibus, Translation and Commentary by D.E. Eichholz (New York: Oxford University Press, 1965), p. 81.

    Google Scholar 

  11. G. Sarton, A History of Science, Ancient Science through the Golden Age of Greece (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960), p. 560.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Vitruvius, The Ten Books on Architecture, translated by M.H. Morgan, Book VII, Chapter viii, paragraphs 1 and 2 (New York: Dover Publications, 1960) (original publication by Harvard University Press, 1914), p. 215.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pliny, Natural History, 2nd ed., vol. IX, Book XXXIII, 123, translated by H. Rackham (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1961), p. 93.

    Google Scholar 

  14. L.J. Goldwater, Mercury, A History of Quicksilver (Baltimore, MD: York Press, 1972), pp. 49–53.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Georgius Agricola, De Re Metallica, translated from the first Latin edition of 1556 by Herbert Clark Hoover and Lou Henry Hoover (London: The Mining Magazine, Salisbury House, 1912).

    Google Scholar 

  16. In Ref. 15, pp. 227–231.

    Google Scholar 

  17. George H. Nash, The Life of Herbert Hoover, The Engineer, 1874–1914 (New York: W.W. Norton and Comp., 1983), pp. 480–495.

    Google Scholar 

  18. In Ref. 15, p. 354.

    Google Scholar 

  19. E.J. Holmyard, Alchemy (Middlesex, England: Penguin Books Ltd. Harmondsworth, 1957), p. 146.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Petrus Bonus, The New Pearl of Greal Price (Pretiosa Margarita Novella), about 1330, as quoted by Holmyard in Reference 19(, p. 146.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Georgius Agricola, De Natura Fossilicum (Textbook on Mineralogy), translated from the first Latin edition of 1546 by M.C. Bandy and J.A. Bandy (New York: Geological Society of America, 1955).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Formoreinformation, contact L. Takacs, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Physics, Baltimore, Maryland 21250; (410) 455-2524; fax (410)455-1072; e-mail takacs@umbc.edu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Takacs, L. Quicksilver from cinnabar: The first documented mechanochemical reaction?. JOM 52, 12–13 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-000-0106-0

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-000-0106-0

Keywords

Navigation