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Telemedizin und telemetrische Aufzeichnungsmethoden zur Diagnostik in der Schlafmedizin

Telemedicine and telemetric recording methods as diagnostic instruments in sleep medicine

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Zusammenfassung

Die Schlafmedizin hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten weiterentwickelt. Die Prävalenz von Schlafstörungen hat zugenommen, und die Schlaflabore in Kliniken und privaten Einrichtungen sind ebenfalls größer geworden, um dem Andrang gerecht zu werden. Die Schlafmedizin verfügt über evidenzbasierte Leitlinien für die Diagnose und Therapie von Schlafstörungen. Jedoch sind Schlaflabore und schlafmedizinisch geschultes Personal nicht ausreichend verfügbar. Es wurden viele neue Methoden zur Aufzeichnung des Schlafs und zur Diagnose von Schlafstörungen entwickelt, deren Sensitivität und Spezifität hier aufgeführt werden. Viele Schlafstörungen sind chronisch und erfordern eine kontinuierliche Behandlung und Überwachung des Therapieerfolgs. Kosteneffiziente Techniken für die Erstdiagnose und für die Therapieüberwachung sind wichtig. Die Technologien der Telemedizin können helfen, die Anforderungen an Diagnose und Therapieüberwachung zu erfüllen. Die drahtlose Aufzeichnung des Schlafs und der Biosignale im Schlaf ermöglicht es, diagnostische Geräte mit teils guter Validität breiter zur Verfügung zu stellen.

Darüber hinaus erfordert die Schlafforschung moderne Techniken, um zugrunde liegende Regulationsmechanismen des Schlafs zu erforschen und ein besseres Verständnis für die Physiologie und die Pathophysiologie der Schlafstörungen zu erreichen. Die Aufzeichnung des Schlafs zuhause und die nicht beeinträchtigende Aufzeichnung mit telemedizinischen Methoden unterstützen die Schlafforschung und erlauben es, Interferenzen zu reduzieren und längere Zeiträume zu erfassen.

Abstract

Sleep medicine has been an expanding discipline over the last decades. The prevalence of sleep disorders is increasing and sleep centers are expanding at hospitals and in private-care environments to meet the demands. Sleep medicine has evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of sleep disorders. However the number of sleep centers and caregivers in this area is not sufficient. Many new methods for recording sleep and diagnosing sleep disorders have been developed and their sensitivity and specificity are reported here. Many sleep disorders are chronic conditions and they require continuous treatment and monitoring of therapy success. Cost efficient technologies for an initial diagnosis and for follow-up monitoring of treatment are important. Telemedicine technologies can meet the demands in diagnosis and therapy follow-up studies. Wireless recording of sleep and the related biosignals makes diagnostic tools more widely available.

Moreover, sleep research requires modern technologies to investigate the underlying mechanisms in the regulation of sleep and for a better understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of sleep disorders. Home recording and non-obtrusive recording with telemedicine methods with partially high validity support this research with options to record with little interference and over extended periods of time.

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Danksagung

Thomas Penzel und Ondrej Ludka wurden aus dem Projekt Nr. LQ1605 des nationalen Programms für Nachhaltigkeit II und dem FNUSA-ICRC (No. CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0123) unterstützt. Zhongming He wurde mit einem Stipendium vom China Scholarship Council (CSC No.: 201409655019) unterstützt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisziplinäres schlafmedizinisches Zentrum, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland

    Thomas Penzel, Martin Glos, Christoph Schöbel & Ingo Fietze

  2. International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Tschechien

    Thomas Penzel & Ondrej Ludka

  3. Sleep Center and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Karamay Central Hospital, 83400, Karamay, Volksrepublik China

    Zhongming He

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  1. Thomas Penzel
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  2. Martin Glos
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  4. Zhongming He
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  6. Ingo Fietze
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Correspondence to Thomas Penzel.

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Interessenkonflikt

T. Penzel, M. Glos, C. Schöbel, Z. He, O. Ludka und I. Fietze geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Penzel, T., Glos, M., Schöbel, C. et al. Telemedizin und telemetrische Aufzeichnungsmethoden zur Diagnostik in der Schlafmedizin. Somnologie 22, 199–208 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-018-0149-5

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