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Solubility measurement and preparation of nanoparticles of ampicillin using subcritical water precipitation method

  • Separation Technology, Thermodynamics
  • Published:
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To improve the bioavailability of ampicillin trihydrate (AMP) as a poorly water-soluble drug, the nanonization of AMP particles was carried out by solvent anti-solvent precipitation for the first time. In this method the subcritical water (SW) and cold water at ambient conditions were utilized as the solvent and anti-solvent, respectively. At first, the solubility of AMP in SW was measured. The solubility of AMP in SW at a constant pressure of 5 MPa and the temperature range from 303.15 to 403.15 K was found to range from 0.380×10−3 to 17.689×10−3 mole fractions. The effects of three independent variables, including SW temperature, polyethylene glycol concentration, and anti-solvent temperature, on the particle size and morphology of the precipitated nanoparticles were studied. The obtained results of analyses confirmed that the AMP particles were nanosized to the smallest mean size of 66.5 nm using an environmentally friendly method without the requirement of organic solvents and related post-processing purification stages.

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Abbreviations

AMP:

ampicillin trihydrate

SW:

subcritical water

SAS:

supercritical anti-solvent

SAA:

supercritical-assisted atomization

GAS:

supercritical gas anti-solvent

DMSO:

dimethyl sulfoxide

BBD:

Box-Behnken design

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

SEM:

scanning electron microscopy

DLS:

dynamic light scattering

PEG:

polyethylene glycol

x2 :

equilibrium mole fraction

T:

temperature [K]

RSM:

response surface methodology

R2 :

coefficient of determination

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, 35131-19111, Iran

    Hadi Share Mohammadi, Ali Haghighi Asl & Maryam Khajenoori

Authors
  1. Hadi Share Mohammadi
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  2. Ali Haghighi Asl
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  3. Maryam Khajenoori
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Correspondence to Ali Haghighi Asl.

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Mohammadi, H.S., Asl, A.H. & Khajenoori, M. Solubility measurement and preparation of nanoparticles of ampicillin using subcritical water precipitation method. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 38, 2304–2312 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0891-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-021-0891-4

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