Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Determination of the fatty acid composition of the oil in intact-seed mustard by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to estimate the fatty acid composition of the oil in intact-seed samples of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata Braun) within a mutation breeding program that produced seeds with variable fatty acid compositions. Five populations, from 1992 to 1996 crops, were included in this study; and NIRS calibration equations for major fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic, and erucic) were developed within each single population. Furthermore, global calibration equations, including samples from the five populations, were developed. After external validation, the NIRS technique permitted us to obtain a reliable and accurate nondestructive estimation of the fatty acid composition of the oil, especially for the major acids—oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and erucic. For these, the r 2 in external validation was higher than 0.95 by using both single-and multipopulation equations, and higher than 0.85 for the remaining fatty acids. Moreover, the multipopulation equations provided an accurate estimation of samples from a population not represented in the calibration data set, with values of coefficient of determination in validation (r 2) from 0.80 (palmitic and eicosenoic acids) to 0.97 (erucic acid). The ability of NIRS to discriminate among different fatty acid profiles was mainly due to changes within six spectral regions, 1140–1240, 1350–1400, 1650–1800, 1880–1920, 2140–2200, and 2240–2380 nm, all of them associated with fatty acid absorbers. Thus, NIRS can be used to estimate the fatty acid composition of Ethiopian mustard seeds with a high degree of accuracy, provided that calibration equations be developed from calibration sets that include large variability for the fatty acid composition of the oil.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tkachuk, R., Oil and Protein Analysis of Whole Rapeseed Kernels by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 58:819–822 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Tkachuk, R., and F.D. Kuzina, Chlorophyll Analysis of Whole Rapeseed Kernels by Near Infrared Reflectance, Can. J. Plant Sci. 62:875–884 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Renard, M., C. Bernard, M. Deschamps, V. Furtoss, M. Lila, and A. Quinsac, Glucosinolate Analysis in Whole Rapeseed by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, in Glucosinolates in Rapeseeds: Analytical Aspects, edited by J.-P. Wathelet, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1987, pp. 173–176.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Van Deynze, A.E., and K.P. Pauls, Seed Colour Assessment in Brassica napus Using a Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrometer Adapted for Visible Light Measurements, Euphytica 76:45–51 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Velasco, L., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, and A. De Haro, An Efficient method for Screening Seed Colour in Ethiopian Mustard Using Visible Reflectance Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis, Ibid.:359–363 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Velasco, L., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, and A. De Haro, Use of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy to Screen Ethiopian Mustard for Seed Weight, Agron. J. 89:150–153 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Koester, S., and C. Paul, Application of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) in Breeding Rapeseed for Improved Quality, in Science for Plant Breeding (Book of Poster Abstracts, Vol. II, XII Eucarpia Congress), edite by European Association for Research on Plant Breeding (EUCARPIA), Paul Parey Publishers, Berlin and Hamburg, 1989, poster 31–4.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Reinhardt, T.-C., and G. Röbbelen, Quantitative Analysis of Fatty Acids in Intact Rapeseed by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, in Proceedings of the 8th International Rapeseed Conference, Saskatoon, Canada. 9–11 July 1991, edited by Groupe Consultatif International de Recherche sur le Colza (GCIRC), Saskatoon, pp. 1380–1384.

  9. Reinhardt, T.-C., C. Paul, and G. Röbbelen, Quantitative Analysis of Fatty Acids in Intact Rapeseed by NIRS, in Making Light Work, Advances in Near Infrared Spectroscopy, edited by I. Murray and I. Cowe, VCH, London, 1992, pp. 1380–1384.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Daun, J.K., K.M. Clear, and P. Williams, Comparison of Three Whole Seed Near-Infrared Analyzers for Measuring Quality Components of Canola Seed, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 71:1063–1068 (1994).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Velasco, L., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, M. Del Rio, and A. De Haro, The Applicability of NIRS for Estimating Multiple Seed Quality Components in Ethiopian Mustard, in Proceedings of the 9th International Rapeseed Congress, Cambridge, United Kingdom 4–7 July 1995, edited by GCIRC, Henry Ling Limited, Dorchester, pp. 867–869.

  12. Velasco, L., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, and A. De Haro, Screening Ethiopian Mustard for Erucic Acid by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Crop Sci. 36:1068–1071 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Velasco, L., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, and A. De Haro, Isolation of Induced Mutants in Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata Braun) with Low Levels of Erucic Acid, Plant Breed. 114:454–456 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Velasco, L., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, and A. De Haro, Induced Variability for C18 Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Ethiopian Mustard, Can. J. Plant Sci. 77:91–95 (1997).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Garcés, R., and M. Mancha, One-Step Lipid Extraction and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Preparation from Fresh Plant Tissues, Anal. Biochem. 211:139–143 (1993).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Windham, W.R., D.R. Mertens, and F.E. Barton, II., Protocol for NIRS Calibration: Sample Selection and Equation Development and Validation, in near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS): Analysis of Forage Quality, edited by G.C. Marten, J.S. Shenk, and F.E. Barton, II, Agricultured Handbook no. 643, USDA-ARS, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1989, pp. 96–103.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Barnes, R.J., M.S. Dhanoa, and S.J. Lister, Standard Normal Variate Transformation and De-Trending of Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectra, Appl. Spectrosc. 43:772–777 (1989).

    Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Shenk, J., and M.O. Westerhaus, Analysis of Agriculture and Food Products by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Infrasoft International, Port Matilda, 1993, 116 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Murray, I., Forage Analysis by Near Infrared Spectroscopy, in Sward Measurement Handbook, 2nd edn., edited by A. Davies, R.D. Baker, S.A. Grant, and A.S. Laidlaw, The British Grassland Society, Reading, United Kingdom, 1993, pp. 285–312.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Osborne, B.G., T. Fearn, and P.H. Hindle, Practical NIR Spectroscopy with Applications in Food and Beverage Analysis, Longman Scientifical & Technical, Harlow, 1993, pp. 13–35.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Fereres, E., J.M. Fernández-Martínez, I. Minguez, and J. Domínguez, Productivity of Brassica juncea and B. carinata in Relation to Rapeseed, in Proceedings of the 6th International Rapeseed Conference, Paris, 17–19 May 1983, edited by GCIRC, Pairs, pp. 293–298.

  22. Knowles, P.F., T.E. Kearney, and D.B. Cohen, Species of Rapeseed and Mustard as Oil Crops in California, in New Sources of Fats and Oils, edited by E.H. Pryde, L.H. Princen, and K.D. Mukherjee, American Oil Chemists’ Society, Champaign, 1981, pp. 255–268.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Getinet, A., G. Rakow, J.P. Raney, and R.K. Downey, The Inheritance of Erucic Acid Content in Ethiopian Mustard, Can. J. Plant Sci. 77:33–41 (1997).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, ES-14080, Córdoba, Spain

    L. Velasco, J. M. Fernández-Martínez & A. De Haro

Authors
  1. L. Velasco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. M. Fernández-Martínez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. De Haro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. Velasco.

About this article

Cite this article

Velasco, L., Fernández-Martínez, J.M. & De Haro, A. Determination of the fatty acid composition of the oil in intact-seed mustard by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J Amer Oil Chem Soc 74, 1595–1602 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0083-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0083-3

Key Words

Search

Navigation