Abstract
The effect of steam injection and sedimentation treatment of waste cooking oil on the quality of TG, to be used as a raw material for the production of biodiesel, was investigated. The effect of steam treatment was evaluated in terms of a number of physical and chemical characteristics. Significant decreases in the moisture, FFA, and PV, as well as increased energy value, were observed. GC analysis of the treated materials demonstrated little change in either the overall composition of the oils or the iodine value. The decreases in moisture from 1.4 to 0.4% and in FFA from 6.27 to 4.28% were found to correlate strongly with an increase in yield of ester from 67.5 to 83.5%.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
European Commission, Energy for the Future: Renewable Sources of Energy. White Paper for a Community Strategy and Action Plan, Communication from the Commission FOR/086/97, Brussels, 1997.
Mittelbach, M., and H. Enzelsberger, Transesterification of Heated Rapeseed Oil for Extending Diesel Fuel, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 76:545–550 (1999).
Rice, B., L. Pelkmans, and M. Mittelbach, Waste Oils and Fats as Biodiesel Feedstocks: An Assessment of Their Potential in the EU, in Non-Technical Barriers to the Development of Biofuels—Phase IV, edited by B. Rice, EU Altener Final Report, Contract no. 4.1.30/Z/98-529, Teagasc, Ireland, July 2000, pp. 3–20.
Erickson, B.E., Dioxin Food Crisis in Belgium, Anal. Chem. 71: 541A-543A (1999).
Paul, S., and G.S. Mittal, Dynamics of Fat/Oil Degradation During Frying Based on Physical Properties, J. Food Process Eng. 19:201–221 (1996).
Nawar, W., Lipids, in Food Science, edited by N. Potter, Chapman and Hall, London, 1996, pp. 254–299.
Ma, F., and M.A. Hanna, Biodiesel Production: A Review, Bioresource Technol. 70:1–15 (1999).
IUPAC, Standard Methods for the Analysis of Oils, Fats and Derivatives, 7th edn., Paquot and Hautfenne, Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd, Palo Alto, CA, 1987.
Official and Recommended Methods of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 5th edn., AOCS Press, Champaign, 1998.
American Society for Testing and Materials, Book of Standards, West Conshohoken, PA, 1992, 0240 5.01.
Schuchard, U., R. Sercheli, and R.M. Vargas, Transesterification of Vegetable Oils: A Review, J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 9: 199–210 (1998).
Canakci, M., and J. Van Gerpen, Biodiesel Production via Acid Catalysis, Trans. ASAE 42:1203–1210 (1999).
Freedman, B., E.H. Pryde, and T.L. Mounts, Variables Affecting the Yields of Fatty Esters from Transesterified Vegetable Oils, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 61:1638–1648 (1984).
Freedman, B., R.O. Butterfield, and E.H. Pryde, Transesterification Kinetics of Soyabean Oil, —Ibid. 63:1375–1380 (1986).
Ma, F.L., D. Clements, and M.A. Hanna, The Effects of Catalyst, Free Fatty Acids, and Water on Transesterification of Beef Tallow, Trans. ASAE 41:1261–1264 (1998).
Alcantara, R.J., A.L. Canoira, E. Fidalgo, M.J. Franco, and A. Navarro, A Catalytic Production of Biodiesel from Soybean Oil, Used Frying Oil, and Tallow, Biomass Bioenergy 18:515–527 (2000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Supple, B., Howard-Hildige, R., Gonzalez-Gomez, E. et al. The effect of steam treating waste cooking oil on the yield of methyl ester. J Amer Oil Chem Soc 79, 175–178 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-002-0454-1
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-002-0454-1