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Conjugated linoleic acids alter bone fatty acid composition and reduce ex vivo prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis in rats fed n-6 or n-3 fatty acids

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Lipids

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on tissue fatty acid composition and ex vivo prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in rats given diets varying in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. Four groups of rats were given a basal semipurified diet (AIN-93G) containing 70 g/kg of added fat for 42 d. The fat treatments were formulated to contain CLA (0 vs. 10 g/kg of diet) and n-6 (soybean oil having an n-6/n-3 ratio of 7.3) and n-3 fatty acids (menhaden oil+safflower oil having an n-6/n-3 ratio of 1.8) in different ratios in a 2×2 factorial design. Fatty acids in liver, serum, muscle, heart, brain, spleen, and bone (cortical, marrow, and periosteum) were analyzed by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. The various dietary lipid treatments did not affect growth; however, CLA improved feed efficiency. The CLA isomers were found in all rat tissues analyzed although their concentrations varied. Dietary CLA decreased the concentrations of 16∶1n−7, 18∶1, total monounsaturates and n−6 fatty acids, but increased the concentrations of n−3 fatty acids (22∶5n−3 and 22∶6n−3), and saturates in the tissues analyzed. Ex vivo PGE2 production in bone organ culture was decreased by n−3 fatty acids and CLA. We speculate that CLA reduced the concentration of 18∶1 fatty acids by inhibiting liver Δ9-desaturase activity. The fact that CLA lowered ex vivo PGE2 production in bone organ culture suggests that these conjugated fatty acids have the potential to influence bone formation and resorption.

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Abbreviations

BF3 :

boron trifluoride

CLA:

conjugated linoleic acids

FAME:

fatty acid methyl esters

MSO:

menhaden oil+safflower oil diet

MSO:

menhaden oil and safflower oil+CLA diet

PGE2 :

prostaglandin E2

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acid

SBO:

soybean oil diet

SBOC:

soybean oil+CLA diet

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science, Lipid Chemistry and Metabolism Laboratory, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, Indiana

    Yong Li & Bruce A. Watkins

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  1. Yong Li
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  2. Bruce A. Watkins
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Correspondence to Bruce A. Watkins.

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Li, Y., Watkins, B.A. Conjugated linoleic acids alter bone fatty acid composition and reduce ex vivo prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis in rats fed n-6 or n-3 fatty acids. Lipids 33, 417–425 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-998-0223-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-998-0223-9

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