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Comparative hypocholesterolemic effects of six dietary oils in cholesterol-fed rats after long-term feeding

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Lipids

Abstract

Rats (8 wk of age) fed a conventional diet were shifted to diets containing 10% Oenothera biennis Linn oil (OBLO, linoleic acid +γ-linolenic acid) from a wild plant, evening primrose oil (EPO, linoleic acid +γ-linolenic acid) from a cultivated plant, bio-γ-linolenic acid oil from mold (BIO, palmitic acid+oleic acid+linoleic acid+γ-linolenic acid), safflower oil (linoleic acid), palm oil (PLO, palmitic acid+oleic acid+linoleic acid), or soybean oil (linoleic acid+α-linolenic acid) with 0.5% cholesterol for 13 wk. Though there were no significant differences in the food intake among the groups, the body weight gain of the OBLO group was significantly lower than that of other groups except for the BIO and PLO groups, and that of the EPO and SPO groups were the highest among the groups. The liver weight of the OBLO group was significantly lower than that of other groups, and that of the PLO group was the highest among the groups. The serum total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)+intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL)+low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations of the OBLO and EPO groups were consistently lower than those in the other groups. However, those of the BIO group were higher than those in the OBLO and EPO groups. The liver cholesterol concentration of the PLO group was the highest among all groups except for the EPO group. The fecal neutral sterol and bile acid extraction of the BIO group tended to increase compared to other groups. The results of this study demonstrate that OBLO and EPO inhibit the increasing of serum total cholesterol and VLDL+IDL+LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the presence of excess cholesterol in the diet compared with the other dietary oils.

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Abbreviations

AA 20∶4n-6:

arachidonic acid

ALA 18∶3n-3:

α-linolenic acid

BIO:

bio-γ-linolenic acid from mold

DG:

diacylglycerol

DHA 22∶6n-3:

docosahexaenoic acid

EPA 20∶5n-3:

eicosapentaenoic acid

EPO:

evening primrose oil

GLC:

gas-liquid chromatography

HDL:

high density lipoprotein

IDL:

intermediate density lipoprotein

LA 18⩺2n-6:

linoleic acid

LDL:

low density lipoprotein

OBLO:

Oenothera biennis Linn oil

PC:

phosphatidylcholine

PLO:

palm oil

P/S:

polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid

SBO:

soybean oil

SFO:

safflower oil

TG:

triacylglycerol

VLDL:

very low density lipoprotein

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioresource Chemistry, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 080, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan

    Michihiro Fukushima, Takae Matsuda, Kiichiro Yamagishi & Masuo Nakano

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  1. Michihiro Fukushima
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  2. Takae Matsuda
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  3. Kiichiro Yamagishi
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  4. Masuo Nakano
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Fukushima, M., Matsuda, T., Yamagishi, K. et al. Comparative hypocholesterolemic effects of six dietary oils in cholesterol-fed rats after long-term feeding. Lipids 32, 1069–1074 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0138-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0138-5

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