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Background Diet and Fat Type Alters Plasma Lipoprotein Response but not Aortic Cholesterol Accumulation in F1B Golden Syrian Hamsters

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Lipids

Abstract

Dietary modification alters plasma lipoprotein profiles and atherosclerotic lesion progression in humans and some animal models. Variability in response to diet induced atherosclerosis has been reported in hamsters. Assessed was the interaction between background diet composition and dietary fat type on aortic cholesterol accumulation, lipoprotein profiles, hepatic lipids and selected genes. F1B Golden Syrian hamsters (20/group) were fed (12 weeks) semi-purified or non-purified diets containing either 10 % (w/w) coconut oil or safflower oil and 0.15 % (w/w) cholesterol. The non-purified diets relative to semi-purified diets resulted in significantly higher TC (72 % [percent difference] and 38 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively) and nHDL-C (84 and 61 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively), and lower HDL-C (−47 and −45 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively) concentrations. Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in the hamsters fed the non-purified coconut oil-supplemented diets were three- to fourfold higher than non-purified safflower oil-supplemented, and both semi-purified diets. With the exception of HDL-C, a significant effect of fat type was observed in TC, nHDL-C and triacylglycerol (all P < 0.05) concentrations. Regardless of diet induced differences in lipoprotein profiles, there was no significant effect on aortic cholesterol accumulation. There was an inverse relationship between plasma nHDL-C and triacylglycerol, and hepatic cholesteryl ester content (P < 0.001). Diet induced differences in hepatic gene transcription (LDL receptor, apoB-100, microsomal transfer protein) were not reflected in protein concentrations. Although hamsters fed non-purified and/or saturated fatty acid-supplemented diets had more atherogenic lipoprotein profiles compared to hamsters fed semi-purified and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplemented diets these differences were not reflected in aortic cholesterol accumulation.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge and thank Dr. Donald Smith and the Comparative Biology Unit staff (Tufts University, Boston) for assistance with the hamster feeding and care. Supported by USDA agreement 588-1950-9-001.

Conflict of interest

The authors of this manuscript wish to emphatically state that they do not have any financial relationships, personal relationships, or intellectual commitments that might bias the work or interfere with objective judgment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Alice Dillard, Nirupa R. Matthan, Nicole L. Spartano, Ann E. Butkowski & Alice H. Lichtenstein

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  1. Alice Dillard
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  2. Nirupa R. Matthan
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  3. Nicole L. Spartano
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  4. Ann E. Butkowski
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  5. Alice H. Lichtenstein
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Correspondence to Alice H. Lichtenstein.

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Dillard, A., Matthan, N.R., Spartano, N.L. et al. Background Diet and Fat Type Alters Plasma Lipoprotein Response but not Aortic Cholesterol Accumulation in F1B Golden Syrian Hamsters. Lipids 48, 1177–1184 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-013-3840-0

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