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Amadori-Glycated Phosphatidylethanolamine, a Potential Marker for Hyperglycemia, in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

  • Original Article
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Lipids

Abstract

It has been demonstrated in vivo that lipid glycation products such as Amadori-glycated phosphatidylethanolamine (Amadori-PE) accumulate in the plasma of diabetic humans and animals, but how lipid glycation products are formed under hyperglycemic conditions are not clear. We sought to clarify the occurrence of lipid glycation and its relationships with lipid peroxidation and protein glycation during the development of hyperglycemia using the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. A significant increase in Amadori-PE was observed in STZ rats 7 days after STZ treatment, and Amadori-PE (especially 18:0–20:4 Amadori-PE) was found at high levels in the blood and in organs that are strongly affected by diabetes, such as the kidney. Significant changes in Amadori-PE appeared to occur prior to changes in levels of oxidized lipids, which increased after 21–28 days. In addition, accumulation of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), a protein glycation product, proceeded somewhat more slowly and moderately than that of Amadori-PE, suggesting that Amadori-PE and CML are early and advanced glycation products, respectively. Our results suggest that Amadori-PE may be a useful predictive marker for hyperglycemia, particularly in the early stages of diabetes. Similar speculations have been made from previous human studies, but this study provides a direct evidence to support the speculations in rat study.

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Abbreviations

1,5-AG:

1,5-Anhydroglucitol

ALT:

Alanine aminotransferase

Amadori-PE:

Amadori-glycated phosphatidylethanolamine

AST:

Aspartate aminotransferase

CL:

Chemiluminescence

CML:

Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine

HbA1c :

Hemoglobin A1c

LC:

Liquid chromatography

MRM:

Multiple reaction monitoring

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

NFPA:

Nonafluoropentanoic acid

NLS:

Neutral loss scanning

PCOOH:

Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PL:

Phospholipid

RBC:

Red blood cells

STZ:

Streptozotocin

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

T-cho:

Total cholesterol

TAG:

Triacylglycerol

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Acknowledgments

A part of this study was supported by KAKENHI (S) (20228002, to T. M.) of JSPS, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan

    Phumon Sookwong, Kiyotaka Nakagawa, Ikuko Fujita & Teruo Miyazawa

  2. Industrial Technology Institute, Miyagi Prefectural Government, Sendai, 981-3206, Japan

    Naoki Shoji

Authors
  1. Phumon Sookwong
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  2. Kiyotaka Nakagawa
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  3. Ikuko Fujita
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  4. Naoki Shoji
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  5. Teruo Miyazawa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Teruo Miyazawa.

Electronic supplementary material

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11745_2011_3588_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Fig. S1 Time course of changes in total PE glycation rate (mol% of PE) in (A) plasma, (B) RBC, (C) liver, (D) kidney, (E) pancreas, (F) cerebrum, and (G) cerebellum. Values are means ± SD (n=6; *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01). White circles represent control rats, and black circles represent STZ rats. (PDF 44.4 kb)

11745_2011_3588_MOESM2_ESM.pdf

Fig. S2 Glycation rates of Amadori-PE molecular species (mol% of PE) 28 days after STZ injection. (A) plasma, (B) RBC, (C) liver, (D) kidney, (E) pancreas, (F) cerebrum, and (G) cerebellum. Values are means ± SD (n = 6; *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01). White bars represent control rats, and black bars represent STZ rats. (PDF 27.3 kb)

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Sookwong, P., Nakagawa, K., Fujita, I. et al. Amadori-Glycated Phosphatidylethanolamine, a Potential Marker for Hyperglycemia, in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Lipids 46, 943–952 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-011-3588-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-011-3588-3

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