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Effect of five cysteine-containing compounds on three lipogenic enzymes in Balb/cA mice consuming a high saturated fat diet

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Lipids

Abstract

The in vivo effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), S-allyl cysteine, S-ethy cysteine (SEC), S-methyl cysteine (SMC), and S-propyl cysteine (SPC) against hyperlipidemia development and oxidation stress in Balb/cA mice consuming a high saturated fat diet were examined. The influence of these agents on plasma levels of glucose, insulin, uric acid, TG, cholesterol, and the activity of three lipogenic enzymes—glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and FA synthase—was determined. All mice consumed the coconut oil-basd, high saturated fat diet, water, and cysteine or one of the five cysteine-containing compounds for 4 wk. The diet with 18% saturated fat significantly elevated the activity of three lipogenic enzymes and significantly increased TG and cholesterol biosynthesis in plasma and liver (P<0.05). When compared with the water and cysteine groups, the treatments from five cysteine-containing agents significantly reduced high saturated fat diet-increased malic enzyme and FA synthase activities, and significantly lowered TG levels in plasma and liver (P<0.05); however, only NAC, SAC, and SMC treatments significantly reduced cholesterol levels in plasma and liver (P<0.05). The five cysteine-containing agents significantly restored high saturated fat diet-decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in liver (P<0.05); however, only SMC and SPC significantly restored GPX activity in heart and kidney (P<0.05). These agents also significantly improved high saturated fat diet-related hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and oxidation stress (P<0.05). These data support the hypothesis that these compounds are potential multiply-protective agents for hyperlipidemia prevention or therapy.

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Abbreviations

ALT:

alanine aminotransferase

AST:

aspartate aminotransferase

FAS:

fatty acid synthase

G6PDH:

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

GPX:

glutathione peroxidase

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NAC:

N-acetyl cysteine

RIA:

radioimmunoassay

SAC:

S-allyl cysteine

SEC:

S-ethyl cysteine

SMC:

S-methyl cysteine

SPC:

S-propyl cysteine

TBA:

thiobarbituric acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Chungshan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Chun-che Lin

  2. Department of Nutritional Science, Chungshan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    Mei-chin Yin, Cheng-chin Hsu & Meng-pei Lin

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Correspondence to Mei-chin Yin.

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Lin, Cc., Yin, Mc., Hsu, Cc. et al. Effect of five cysteine-containing compounds on three lipogenic enzymes in Balb/cA mice consuming a high saturated fat diet. Lipids 39, 843–848 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-004-1305-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-004-1305-4

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