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Effect of sesamin on mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in rat liver

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Lipids

Abstract

The effects of dietary sesamin on the hepatic metabolism of arachidonic (AA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids, were investigated with respect to their β-oxidation and secretion as triacylglycerol (TG). For 2 wk, rats were fed three types of dietary oils: (i) corn oil (control) group; (ii) FPA group: FPA ethyl esters/rapeseed oil=2∶3; (iii) AA group: AA ethyl esters/palm oil/perilla oil=2∶2∶1, with or without 0.5% (w/w) of sesamin. Dietary sesamin significantly increased the activities of hepatic mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation enzymes (mitochondrial carnitine acyltransferase I, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase). Dietary FPA increased mitochondrial carnitine acyltransferase I and peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase. Dietary AA, however, had an effect on peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase only. In whole liver and the TG fraction, EPA and AA concentrations were significantly increased by dietary EPA and AA, respectively, and were decreased by dietary sesamin. In hepatic mitochondria and peroxisomes, EPA concentration was increased by dietary EPA, but AA was not changed by dietary AA. The addition of dietary sesamin to the EPA-supplemented diet significantly decreased the EPA concentration compared to concentrations found with consumption of dietary EPA alone. These results suggest that sesamin increased β-oxidation enzyme activities and reduced hepatic EPA and AA concentrations by degradation. The stimulating effect of sesamin on β-oxidation, however, was more significant in the EPA group than in the AA group. Hepatic AA concentration was altered by the joint effect of sesamin through esterification into TG and the stimulation of β-oxidation.

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Abbreviations

AA:

arachidonic acid

AIN:

American Institute of Nutrition

ALA:

α-linolenic acid

ANOVA:

analysis of variance

DGLA:

dihomo-γ-linolenic acid

DHA:

docosahexaenoic acid

DPA:

docosapentaenoic acid

EPA:

eicosapentaenoic acid

GLA:

γ-linolenic acid

LA:

linoleic acid

PUFA:

polyunsaturated fatty acid

TG:

triacylglycerol

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Science for Human Life, Ochanomizu University, 112-8610, Tokyo, Japan

    Rumi Umeda-Sawada, Megumi Ogawa, Mayumi Nakamura & Osamu Igarashi

Authors
  1. Rumi Umeda-Sawada
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  2. Megumi Ogawa
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  3. Mayumi Nakamura
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  4. Osamu Igarashi
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Correspondence to Rumi Umeda-Sawada.

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Umeda-Sawada, R., Ogawa, M., Nakamura, M. et al. Effect of sesamin on mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in rat liver. Lipids 36, 483–489 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-001-0747-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-001-0747-z

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