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Glutathione and glutathione disulfide affect adventitious root formation and growth in tomato seedling cuttings

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Abstract

To study the relationship between glutathione and rooting, tomato seedling cuttings, grown on basal- or on auxin-supplemented media, were treated with the reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) form of this antioxidant. In turn, the consequences of the depletion of GSH pool on rooting were tested using l-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a specific inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis. Effects of the aforementioned treatments on rooting response were assessed. GSH treatment promoted root formation on cuttings grown on both basal- and auxin-supplemented media. Whereas GSSG did not affect the number of roots formed by cuttings grown on basal medium, it strongly enhanced the rooting stimulatory effect of auxin treatment. GSH depletion resulting from BSO application did not change the number of roots formed. All the tested compounds, namely GSH, GSSG, BSO and auxin, had a strong inhibitory effect on the elongation of regenerated roots. Supplementing the rooting medium with glutathione efficiently increased the GSH level in the rooting zones, while addition of BSO led to a strong decrease in endogenous GSH level. Neither of the treatments affected the level of GSSG. Exogenous auxin affect neither GSH nor GSSG levels in rooting zones; however, in the regenerated roots, GSH level was significantly higher when the organs were formed on auxin-supplemented medium. Patterns of GSH distribution in the roots regenerated on basal- and auxin-enriched media were studied using the GSH-specific dye monochlorobimane and confocal laser scanning microscopy. GSH was found in the root apical meristem and in the elongation zone. Auxin did not change the GSH distribution; however, the number of fluorescent cells was higher when roots were regenerated on auxin-supplemented medium.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Abbreviations

BM:

Basal medium

BSO:

l-Buthionine sulfoximine

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

GSSG:

Glutathione disulfide

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

RML1:

Root meristemless gene 1

TE:

Tracheary element

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Grant of the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research (Grant No. 2 P04C 068 26) and by the Grant of the Rector of Nicolaus Copernicus University (Grant No. 525-B).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100, Toruń, Poland

    Jarosław Tyburski & Andrzej Tretyn

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  1. Jarosław Tyburski
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  2. Andrzej Tretyn
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Correspondence to Jarosław Tyburski.

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Communicated by A. K. Kononowicz.

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Tyburski, J., Tretyn, A. Glutathione and glutathione disulfide affect adventitious root formation and growth in tomato seedling cuttings. Acta Physiol Plant 32, 411–417 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-009-0418-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-009-0418-9

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