Abstract
The activities of enzymes of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) viz. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and carbon metabolism viz. phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, NADP- isocitrate dehydrogenase and NADP-malic enzyme were measured in the plant and bacteroid fractions of mungbean (ureide exporter) and lentil (amide exporter) nodules along with the developing roots for comparison. The enzymes of pentose phosphate pathway in legume cytosol had higher activities at a stage of maximum nitrogenase activity and higher sucrose metabolism. However, bacteroids had only limited capacity for this pathway. The specific activities of these enzymes were greater in ureide than in amide exporter. CO2 fixation via higher activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in the plant part of the nodules in lentil might have been due to the greater synthesis of four carbon amino acids for amide export. The peak of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase in both legumes coincided with the pentose phosphate pathway enzymes at the time of high rates of sucrose metabolism and nitrogen fixation. Higher activities of NADP-malic enzyme were obtained in mungbean than in the lentil nodules. These findings are consistent with the role of these enzymes in providing reductant (NADPH) and substrates for energy yielding metabolism of bacteroids and carbon skeletons for ammonia assimilation.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- PPP:
-
pentose phosphate pathway
- DAS:
-
days after sowing
- ICD:
-
isocitrate dehydrogenase
- ME:
-
malic enzyme
- PEPC:
-
phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase
- G6PD:
-
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- 6PGD:
-
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
References
Anderson M.P., Heichel G.H., Vance C. P. 1987. Nonphotosynthetic CO2 fixation by alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) roots and nodules. Plant Physiol. 85: 283–289.
Anthon G.E., Emerich D.W. 1990. Development regulation of enzymes of sucrose and hexose metabolism in effective and ineffective soybean nodules. Plant Physiol. 92: 346–351.
Atkins C.A. 1987. Metabolism and translocation of fixed nitrogen in the nodulated legumes. Plant Soil 100: 157–169.
Awan M.F.M. 1994. Ontogenic variation of nodulation, nitrogen fixation and nitrogen assimilation in lentil (Lens culinaris medic) II Nitrogenase, nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities. Acta Physiol. Plant. 16: 255–262.
Chopra J., Kaur N., Gupta A.K. 1998. Carbohydrate status and sucrose metabolism in mungbean roots and nodules. Phytochem. 49: 1891–1895
Christeller J.T., Laing W.A., Sutton W.D. 1977. Carbon dioxide fixation by lupin root nodules. 1. Characterization, association with phosphophenol pyruvate carboxylase, and correlation with nitrogen fixation during nodule development. Plant Physiol. 60: 47–50.
Coker G.T., Schubert K.R. 1981. Carbon dioxide fixation in soybean roots and nodules. 1. Characterization and comparison with N2 fixation and composition of xylem exudate during early nodule development. Plant Physiol. 67: 691–696
Copeland L., Turner J.F. 1987. In P.K. Stumph and E.E. Conn, (Eds) The Biochemistry of Plants. The regulation of glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. Vol 11 Academic Press, San Diego pp. 107–125.
Copeland L., Vella J., Hong Z.Q. 1989. Enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in soybean nodules. Phytochem. 28: 57–61.
Deroche M.E., Carrayol E. 1988. Nodule phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase: a review. Physiol. Plant. 74: 775–782.
Deroche M.E., Carrayol E., Gosse G., Bethenod O., Jolivet E. 1983. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase in legume nodules. Physiol. Veg. 21: 1075–1081.
Gupta A.K., Sheoran I.S., Singh R. 1991. Carbohydrate metabolism in relation to ammonia assimilation in nodules of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). Proc. Indian Nat. Sci. Acad. B57: 295–302.
Henson C.A., Duke S.H., Collins M. 1986. Characterization of NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase from host plant cytosol of lucerne (Medicago sativa) root nodules. Physiol. Plant. 67: 538–544.
Hong Z.Q., Copeland L. 1990. Pentose phosphate pathway enzymes in nitrogen-fixing leguminous root nodules. Phytochem. 29: 2437–2440.
Iglesias A.A., Andreo C.S. 1990. Kinetic and structural properties of NADP-malic enzyme from sugarcane leaves. Plant Physiol. 92: 66–72.
King B.J., Layzell D.B., Canvin D.T. 1986. The role of dark carbon dioxide fixation in root nodules of soybean. Plant Physiol. 81: 200–205.
Kouchi H., Fukai K., Katagiri H., Minamisawa K., Tajima C. 1988. Isolation and enzymological characterization of infected and uninfected cell protoplasts from root nodules of Glycine max. Physiol. Plant. 73: 327–334.
Layzell D.B., Rainbird R.M., Atkins C.A., Pate J.S. 1979. Economy of photosynthate use in nitrogen fixing legume nodules. Plant Physiol. 64: 888–891.
Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.J., Farr A.L., Randall R.J. 1951. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193: 265–275.
Maxwell C.A., Vance C.P., Heichel G. H., Stade S. 1984. CO2 fixation in alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil root nodules and partitioning of 14C to the plant. Crop Sci. 24:257–264.
Nautiyal C.S., Modi V.V. 1987. Malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase in root nodules of Trigonella. Phytochem. 26: 1863–1865.
Rosendahl L., Vance C.P., Pedersen W.B. 1990. Products of dark CO2 fixation in pea root nodules support bacteroid metabolism. Plant Physiol. 93: 12–19.
Sawhney V., Saharan M.R., Singh R. 1987. Nitrogen fixing efficiency and enzymes of CO2 assimilation in nodules of ureide and amide producing legumes. J. Plant Physiol. 129: 201–210.
Sekhon B.S., Thapar S., Dhillon K.S., Singh R. 1987. Effect of applied nitrogen on N2 fixation, assimilation of nitrate and ammonia in nodules of field-grown moong (Vigna radiata). Ann. Bot. 60: 613–620.
Singh R. 1993. Ureide metabolism in nitrogen fixing tropical legumes. Proc. Indian Nat. Sci. Acad. B59: 281–294.
Suganuma N., Yamamoto Y. 1987. Respiratory metabolism of mitochondria in soybean root nodules. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 33: 93–101.
Tezuka T., Yamamoto Y., Kondo N. 1990. Activation of oxygen uptake and NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase in mitochondria isolated from cotyledons of castor bean by cis, trans-abscisic acid. Plant Physiol. 92: 147–150.
Vance C.P., Stade S., Maxwell C.A. 1983. Alfalfa root nodule carbon dioxide fixation I. Association with nitrogen fixation and incorporation into amino acids. Plant Physiol. 72: 469–473.
Yuan X.H., Anderson L.E. 1987. Changing activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from pea chloroplasts during photosynthetic induction. Plant Physiol. 85: 598–600.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chopra, J., Kaur, N. & Gupta, A.K. A comparative developmental pattern of enzymes of carbon metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway in mungbean and lentil nodules. Acta Physiol Plant 24, 67–72 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-002-0023-7
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-002-0023-7