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Does Exercise Improve the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Patients with Obesity After Bariatric Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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Abstract

We aimed to determine the effects of different exercise types, duration, and onset after bariatric surgery (BS) on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). A systematic search was conducted up to July 2021. Eleven studies were identified (n = 618 participants). Overall, exercise induced reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP; − 5.33 mmHg; 95%CI − 8.99, −1.66; p < 0.01). Combined exercises elicited reductions on SBP (− 7.18 mmHg; 95%CI − 12.42, − 1.94; p < 0.01) and triglycerides (− 17.56 mg/dL; 95%CI − 34.15, − 0.96; p = 0.04). SBP reductions were also observed on interventions starting > 6 months post-BS (− 7.71 mmHg; 95%CI − 13.12, − 2.31; p < 0.01), and on > 12-week protocols (− 5.78 mmHg; 95%CI − 9.91, − 1.66; p < 0.01). Overall exercise and particularly aerobic plus resistance protocols were an effective therapy to reduce CMRFs post-BS. Benefits were also observed with interventions starting > 6 months post-BS and with > 12-week duration. Trial registration: CRD42020161175.

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Funding

Giorjines Boppre, Florêncio Diniz-Sousa, and Lucas Veras are supported by the FCT grants SFRH/BD/146976/2019, SFRH/BD/117622/2016, and UI/BD/150673/2020, respectively. The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL) is funded by Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through COMPETE and by FCT grant (FCT/UIDB/00617/2020). Recent research by our group on this subject has been supported by FCT grant PTDC/DTP-DES/0968/2014, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR) by grant LA/P/0064/2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Giorjines Boppre, Florêncio Diniz-Sousa, Lucas Veras, José Oliveira & Hélder Fonseca

  2. Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Giorjines Boppre, Florêncio Diniz-Sousa, Lucas Veras, José Oliveira & Hélder Fonseca

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  1. Giorjines Boppre
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Correspondence to Giorjines Boppre.

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Key Points

• Exercise is an effective therapeutic option to further decrease SBP post-BS

• Combined exercise seems to contribute to decrease SBP and triglycerides post-BS

• Interventions starting > 6 months post-BS are associated with better results

• A > 12-week duration exercise protocol post-BS is a more effective strategy

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Boppre, G., Diniz-Sousa, F., Veras, L. et al. Does Exercise Improve the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Patients with Obesity After Bariatric Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. OBES SURG 32, 2056–2068 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-022-06023-x

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