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Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Among a Bariatric Surgery Population

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Abstract

Introduction

Addictive eating, a highly debated problematic eating behavior, may contribute to obesity and impede the success of individuals seeking bariatric surgery. The original Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) was validated for use among patients who underwent bariatric surgery; however, the YFAS was revised to reflect changes in substance use criteria in the DSM-5. The purpose of this study was to validate the use of the revised measure, the YFAS 2.0, among patients pursuing bariatric surgery.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted of 314 patients who underwent pre-surgical psychological evaluation for bariatric surgery. Information gathered included symptoms of addictive eating (YFAS 2.0), emotional eating (Emotional Eating Scale; EES), and a history of substance use and binge eating.

Results

In this sample, 27.3% met criteria for “food addiction” according to the YFAS 2.0. Of those, more than half met criteria for severe food addiction. The YFAS 2.0 was related to all factors of the EES: anger/frustration (p < .001); anxiety (p < .001); and depression (p < .001). There was no relationship between the YFAS 2.0 and a history of substance use. The YFAS 2.0 accounted for significant variance in history of binge eating after controlling for emotional eating (p < .001; Exp(B) = 1.30).

Conclusions

Results were similar to a prior validation of the YFAS among a bariatric population, and the updated YFAS 2.0 may be useful in assessing addictive eating among bariatric surgery candidates to further explore the concept of “food addiction.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Henry Ford Health System Behavioral Health, Detroit, MI, USA

    Shannon M. Clark, Kellie Martens, Christine E. Smith-Mason, Aaron Hamann & Lisa R. Miller-Matero

  2. Henry Ford Health System Department of Surgery, Detroit, MI, USA

    Shannon M. Clark, Kellie Martens, Christine E. Smith-Mason & Aaron Hamann

  3. Henry Ford Health System Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, 313-874-6707 Ford Place, 3A, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA

    Shannon M. Clark & Lisa R. Miller-Matero

Authors
  1. Shannon M. Clark
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  2. Kellie Martens
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  3. Christine E. Smith-Mason
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  5. Lisa R. Miller-Matero
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lisa R. Miller-Matero.

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Informed consent was waived by the IRB, given the retrospective nature of the study.

Human and Animal Rights

The study was performed in accord with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Clark, S.M., Martens, K., Smith-Mason, C.E. et al. Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Among a Bariatric Surgery Population. OBES SURG 29, 2923–2928 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-03927-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-03927-z

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