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Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Steatosis and Steatohepatitis

  • Clinical Research
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Abstract

Background

Fatty liver disease is a problem in both bariatric patients and in patients with moderate obesity. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been frequently measured in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or without diabetes, but less is known about interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10.

Methods

Moderately obese patients (n = 80) with histologically proven steatosis (n = 29) and NASH (n = 51) were recruited. Serum levels of cytokines were documented along with clinical information. The aim was to identify the correlates of such biomolecules in a stable population.

Results

Diabetes tended to be more associated with NASH (52.5% instead of 41.4%, P = 0.015), with no difference of age, gender, or body mass index regarding steatosis. For the entire population, cytokine changes were not significant, including TNF-α and IL-6. In diabetics only, all markers tended to diminish with NASH, especially IL-10 (P = 0.000). IL-10 correlated with homeostatic model assessment index (P = 0.000) and other variables of glucose homeostasis in diabetes, thus representing a major marker of the disease.

Conclusions

(1) Generally inconsistent changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines occurred when NASH was globally compared to steatosis. (2) In contrast, downregulation of IL-6 and IL-10 was perceived in diabetics with NASH. (3) Arterial hypertension did not play a role in these circumstances. (4) IL-10 maintained strong correlations with glucose metabolism indices. (5) TNF-α could not be incriminated for progressive liver damage, as values failed to increase in NASH. (6) Investigations of IL-10 and other counterregulatory cytokines are lacking in this context and deserve further studies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Fabiola Rabelo, Claudia P. M. S. Oliveira, Joel Faintuch, Daniel F. C. Mazo, Vicencia M. R. Lima, Jose Tadeu Stefano & Flair J. Carrilho

  2. Department of Emergency, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Hermes V. Barbeiro & Francisco G. Soriano

  3. Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Venancio A. Ferreira Alves

Authors
  1. Fabiola Rabelo
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  2. Claudia P. M. S. Oliveira
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  3. Joel Faintuch
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  4. Daniel F. C. Mazo
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  5. Vicencia M. R. Lima
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  8. Francisco G. Soriano
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  9. Venancio A. Ferreira Alves
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  10. Flair J. Carrilho
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Claudia P. M. S. Oliveira.

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Rabelo, F., Oliveira, C.P.M.S., Faintuch, J. et al. Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Steatosis and Steatohepatitis. OBES SURG 20, 906–912 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-010-0181-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-010-0181-4

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