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Molecular mechanisms of fatty liver in obesity

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Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) covers a spectrum of liver disorders ranging from simple steatosis to advanced pathologies, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. NAFLD significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in developed societies. Insulin resistance associated with central obesity is the major cause of hepatic steatosis, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipid droplets in the liver. Accumulating evidence supports that dysregulation of adipose lipolysis and liver de novo lipogenesis (DNL) plays a key role in driving hepatic steatosis. In this work, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms responsible for enhanced adipose lipolysis and increased hepatic DNL that lead to hepatic lipid accumulation in the context of obesity. Delineation of these mechanisms holds promise for developing novel avenues against NAFLD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China

    Lixia Gan & Wei Xiang

  2. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Daping Hospital & Institute of Surgery Research, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China

    Bin Xie

  3. Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Liqing Yu

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Gan, L., Xiang, W., Xie, B. et al. Molecular mechanisms of fatty liver in obesity. Front. Med. 9, 275–287 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-015-0410-2

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