Skip to main content
Log in

The 450 °C Isothermal Section of the Zn-Fe-Ti System

  • Basic and Applied Research
  • Published:
Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion Aims and scope Submit manuscript

The 450 °C isothermal section of the Zn-Fe-Ti ternary system with an emphasis on the Zn-rich corner was experimentally determined by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopic/energy-dispersive spectrometric (SEM-EDS) analysis, and x-ray diffraction. A true ternary phase T with an approximate formula of TiFe2Zn22 has been identified. This phase is in equilibrium with all phases in the system, except \(\upalpha\hbox{Fe},\) \(\upalpha\hbox{Ti},\) and Ti2Zn. Four Ti-Zn binary compounds, TiZn16, TiZn8, TiZn3, and TiZn, were found in this study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sandelin T.W. (1940). Wire Wire Prod. 11:655

    Google Scholar 

  2. Foct J., Perrot P., Reumont G. (1993) Interpretation of the Role of Silicon on the Galvanizing Reaction Based on Kinetics, Morphology and Thermodynamics. Scr. Metall. Mater. 28:1195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Guttman H., Niessen P. (1972). Reactivity of Silicon Steels in Hot-Dip Galvanizing, Can. Metall. Quart. 11:609

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ghuman A.R.P., Goldstein J.L. (1971) Reaction Mechanisms for the Coatings Formed During the Hot Dipping of Iron in 0 to 10 pct Al-Zn baths at 450 to 700 °C. Metall. Trans. 2:2903

    Google Scholar 

  5. A.F. Skenazi and D. Rollez, Hot Dip Galvanizing of Semi-Killed Steels with the Zinc-Nickel Bath, Proc. 15th International Galvanizing Conference, GE2/1-5, 1988

  6. Reumont G., Tissier J.C., Dauphin J.Y. (1989) Morphology, Structure and Formation Conditions of Drosses in Hot Dip Galvanizing Nickel-Added Baths. Métall. 86:799

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gloriant T., Reumont G., Perrot P. (1997) The Fe-Zn-Ti system at 450 °C. Z. Metallkd. 88(7):539

    Google Scholar 

  8. Marder A.R. (2000) The Metallurgy of Zinc-Coated Steel. Prog. Mater. Sci. 45:191-271

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Massalski T.B. (1990) Zn-Ti Phase Diagram. Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams 3:3501

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gebhardt E. (1941). Z. Metallkd. 33:355

    Google Scholar 

  11. Anderson E.A., Boyle E.J., Ramsey P.W. (1944). Trans. AIME 156:278

    Google Scholar 

  12. Pietrokowsky P. (1954). Trans. Met. Soc. AIME 200:219

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pelzel M.E. (1961). Metallography 15:881

    Google Scholar 

  14. Heine W., Zwicker U. (1962). Z. Metallkd. 53:380

    Google Scholar 

  15. Schubert K., Frank K., Gohle R., Maldonado A., Meissner H.G., Raman A., Rossteutscher W. (1963). Naturwissenschaften 50:41

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Rennhack E.H. (1966). Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 236: 941

    Google Scholar 

  17. Spittle J.A. (1972) Effects of Composition and Cooling Rate on the As-Cast Microstructures of Zn-Ti Alloys. Metallography 5:423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Dobrev R., Dimova V., Georgiev I. (1977). Mater. Tehnologia 5:40

    Google Scholar 

  19. Goto S., Esashi K., Koda S., Morozumi S. (1973) Structure-Controlling of Zn-Ti Hyper-Eutectic Alloys by Unidirectional Solidification. J. Jpn. Inst. Met. 37:466

    Google Scholar 

  20. Saillard M., Develey G., Becle C., Moreau J.M., Paccard D. (1981) The Structure of TiZn16. Acta Crystallogr. B 37:224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Vassilev G.P., Liu X.J., Ishida K. (2004) Reaction Kinetics and Phase Diagram Studies in the Ti-Zn System. J. Alloy. Compd. 375:162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Vassilev G.P. (2004) Contribution to the Zinc-Rich Side of the Ti-Zn System. Z. Metallkd. 95(9):813

    Google Scholar 

  23. Schramm J. (1936). Z. Metallkd. 28(7):203

    Google Scholar 

  24. Truesdale E.C., Wilcox R.L., Rodda J.L. (1936). Trans. Met. Soc. AIME 122:192

    Google Scholar 

  25. Fallot M. (1937). Ann. Phys. 7:420

    Google Scholar 

  26. Schramm J. (1937). Z. Metallkd. 29(7):222

    Google Scholar 

  27. Brown P.J. (1962) The Structure of the δ-phase in the Transition Metal-Zinc Alloy System. Acta Crystallogr. 15:608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Speich G.R., Swell L., Wriedt H.A. (1964). Trans. Met. Soc. AIME 230:939

    Google Scholar 

  29. Wriedt H.A., Arajs S. (1966). Phys. Stat. Solidi 16:475

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wriedt H.A. (1967). Trans. Met. Soc. AIME 239:1120-1128

    Google Scholar 

  31. Johannsson A., Ljung H., Westman H. (1968). Acta Chem. Scand. 22:2743

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Budurov V-S, Kovatchev P., Stojcev N., Kamenova Z. (1972) Iron Side of the Fe-Zn Phase Diagram. Z. Metallkd. 63(6):348

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kirchner G., Harvig H., Moquist K.R., Hillert M. (1973) Distribution of Zinc Between Ferrite and Austenite and the Thermodynamics of the Binary Fe-Zn System. Arch. Eisenhuttenwes. 44(3):227

    Google Scholar 

  34. Bastin G.F., Van Loo F.J.J., Riek G.D. (1974) New Compound in the Iron-Zinc System. Z. Metallkd. 65:656

    Google Scholar 

  35. Brandon J.K., Brizard R.Y., Chieh P.C., McMillian R.K., Pearson W.B. (1974) New Refinements of the γ Brass Type Structures Cu5Zn8, Cu5Cd8 and Fe3Zn10. Acta Crystallogr. B30:1412

    Google Scholar 

  36. Gellings P.J., de Bree E.W., Gierman G. (1979). Z. Metallkd. 70(5):315

    Google Scholar 

  37. Nishizawa T., Hasebe M., Ko M. (1979) Thermodynamic Analysis of Solubility and Miscibility Gap in Ferromagnetic Alpha Iron Alloys. Acta Metall. 27:817

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Gellings P.J., Gierman G., Koster D., Kuit J. (1980). Z. Metallkd. 71(2):70

    Google Scholar 

  39. Koster A.S., Schoone J.C. (1981) Structure of the Cubic Iron-Zinc Phase Fe22Zn78. Acta Crystallogr. B37:1905

    Google Scholar 

  40. Tomita M., Azakami T., Timberg L.M., Toguri J.M. (1981) Thermodynamics of the Fe-Zn System. Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met. 22:717

    Google Scholar 

  41. Peterson S., Spencer P.J., Hack K. (1988). Thermochim. Acta 129:77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Perrot P., Dauphin J.Y. (1988) Calculation of the Fe-Zn-Si Phase Diagram Between 773 and 1173 K. Calphad 12:33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. M. Hamalainen, R. Luoma, and P. Taskinen, TKK-V-B55, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland, 1990

  44. Reumont G., Perrot P., Fiorani J.M., Hertz J. (2000) Thermodynamic Assessment of the Fe-Zn System. J. Phase Equilibria 21:371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Su X., Tang N.-Y, Toguri J.M. (2001) Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Fe-Zn System. J. Alloy. Compd. 325:129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Massalski T.B. (1990) Ti-Fe Phase Diagram. Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams 2:1785

    Google Scholar 

  47. Swalin R. (1961) Thermodynamics of Solids. Wiley, London, p 316

    Google Scholar 

  48. Barin I. (1993) Thermochemical Data of Pure Substances, Part II. VCH Verlags, Weinheim, p 1739

    Google Scholar 

  49. Tang N.-Y, Su X., Toguri J.M. (2001) Experimental Study and Thermodynamic Assessment of the Zn-Fe-Ni System. Calphad 25:267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Su X., Tang N.-Y, Toguri J.M. (2001) 450°C Isothermal Section of the Fe-Zn-Si Ternary Phase Diagram. Can. Metall. Q. 40:377

    Google Scholar 

  51. Tang N.-Y, Su X. (2002) On the Ternary Phase in the Zinc-Rich Corner of the Zn-Fe-Al System at Temperatures Below 450°C. Metal. Mater. Trans. 33A:1559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Tang N.-Y, Su X., Yu X. (2003) The Zn-Rich Corner of the Zn-Fe-Co System at 450°C. Z. Metallkd. 94(2):116

    Google Scholar 

  53. N.-Y. Tang, Unpublished research work.

  54. Chen X.A., Jeitschko W., Danebrock M.E., Evers C.B.H., Wangner K. (1995) Preparation, Properties, and Crystal Structures of Ti3Zn22 and TiZn16. J. Solid State Chem. 118:219

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This investigation was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 50471064) and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-04-778).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xuping Su.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tang, X., Yin, F., Wang, X. et al. The 450 °C Isothermal Section of the Zn-Fe-Ti System. J Phs Eqil and Diff 28, 355–361 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-007-9092-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-007-9092-z

Keywords

Navigation