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Influence of Flow Swirling and Exit Shape of Barrel Nozzle on Cold Spraying

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Abstract

Traditionally, in cold spray two-phase supersonic jet formed with the help of converging-diverging nozzle are used. In this study an alternative design of cold spray nozzle is proposed in which a high velocity two-phase flow is created using an intense flow swirling in a constant section barrel (cylinder) with double-edged bevel exit. As a result, a high velocity gas-powder mixture jet is produced presenting a fan-shaped jet spreading at a large angle in one plane and approximately of equal size along the normal to this plane. This results in greater angles of particle deposition and, hence, in larger deposition widths, with the maximum width of deposition spot reaching 25 barrel diameters. The performed experimental study proves the new nozzle design to be appropriate for deposition of cold-sprayed coatings.

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Abbreviations

d n :

Nozzle diameter

H c :

Width of deposition

k d :

Deposition efficiency

l cut :

Length of nozzle cut (slot) along axis

L n :

Nozzle length

l ns :

Standoff distance, or nozzle cut-to-substrate surface distance

n t :

Total number of tangential perforations in swirl generator

p 0 :

Stagnation pressure

\( p_{0}^{ * } \) :

Normalizing factor for stagnation pressure

T 0 :

Stagnation temperature

\( \tan \upalpha_{c}^{ * } \) :

Normalizing factor for the tangent of deposition angle

y :

Coordinate, transverse to z, in the direction of maximum jet spreading angle

z :

Longitudinal coordinate along nozzle axis

α c :

Deposition angle (the maximum angle at which particles, impacting on surface, form coating)

αcut :

Angle of nozzle cut

αr :

Angle of jet rolling

αj :

Angle of jet spreading

αp :

Angle of particle spreading

References

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank G. Trubacheev for assistance in experimental research. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grants No 08-01-00108a and No 09-08-00543a).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ITAM SB RAS), Novosibirsk, Russia

    S. V. Klinkov, V. F. Kosarev & V. N. Zaikovskii

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  1. S. V. Klinkov
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  2. V. F. Kosarev
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  3. V. N. Zaikovskii
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Correspondence to V. F. Kosarev.

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Klinkov, S.V., Kosarev, V.F. & Zaikovskii, V.N. Influence of Flow Swirling and Exit Shape of Barrel Nozzle on Cold Spraying. J Therm Spray Tech 20, 837–844 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-011-9621-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-011-9621-5

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