Abstract
The tribological behavior of different polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) and their composites was studied under reciprocating sliding conditions at room temperature as well as at elevated temperature (120 °C). The effect of glass, carbon fiber and solid lubricants (PTFE and graphite) filled in PAEK matrix was investigated at different normal loads. It was found that friction and wear characteristics are strongly influenced by the type of PAEK matrix and the material composition. The temperature has a more pronounced influence on the coefficient of friction and specific wear rates of PAEKs and their composites than the normal load. Friction and wear mechanisms are discussed, using scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces. A relationship between the average coefficient of friction and specific wear rates of PAEKs and their composites is also reported.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. Small, Outstanding Physical Properties Make PEEK Ideal for Sealing Applications, Seal. Technol., 2014, 4, p 9–12
A. Tregub, J. Karger-Kocsis, K. Könnecke, and H.J. Zimmermann, Deformation and Thermoelastic Behavior of Poly (Aryl Ether Ketones), Macromolecules, 1995, 28(11), p 3890–3893
B.J. Briscoe, L.H. Yao, and T.A. Stolarski, The Friction and Wear of Poly (Tetrafluoroethylene)-Poly (Etheretherketone) Composites: An Initial Appraisal of the Optimum Composition, Wear, 1986, 108(4), p 357–374
H. Voss and K. Friedrich, On the Wear Behaviour Of Short-Fibre-Reinforced PEEK Composites, Wear, 1987, 116(1), p 1–18
K. Friedrich, J. Karger-Kocsis, and Z. Lu, Effects of Steel Counterface Roughness and Temperature on the Friction and Wear of PE (E) K Composites Under Dry Sliding Conditions, Wear, 1991, 148(2), p 235–247
A.M. Häger, K. Friedrich, and R. Junghans, Selected Thermoplastic Bearing Materials for Use at Elevated Temperatures, Wear, 1993, 162, p 649–655
K. Friedrich, Z. Lu, and A.M. Häger, Recent Advances in Polymer Composites’ Tribology, Wear, 1995, 190(2), p 139–144
J. Hanchi and N.S. Eiss, Jr., Dry Sliding Friction and Wear of Short Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) at Elevated Temperatures, Wear, 1997, 203, p 380–386
K. Friedrich and P. Reinicke, Friction and Wear of Polymer-Based Composites, Mech. Compos. Mater., 1998, 34(6), p 503–514
J. Flöck, K. Friedrich, and Q. Yuan, On the Friction and Wear Behaviour of PAN-and Pitch-Carbon Fiber Reinforced PEEK Composites, Wear, 1999, 225, p 304–311
Z. Zhang, C. Breidt, L. Chang, and K. Friedrich, Wear of PEEK Composites Related to Their Mechanical Performances, Tribol. Int., 2004, 37(3), p 271–277
T. Sınmazçelik and T. Yılmaz, Thermal Aging Effects on Mechanical and Tribological Performance of PEEK and Short Fiber Reinforced PEEK Composites, Mater. Des., 2007, 28(2), p 641–648
R. Schroeder, F.W. Torres, C. Binder, A.N. Klein, and J.D.B. de Mello, Failure Mode in Sliding Wear of PEEK Based Composites, Wear, 2013, 301(1), p 717–726
K.A. Laux, H.J. Sue, A. Montoya, and T. Bremner, Wear Behavior of polyaryletherketones Under Multi-Directional Sliding and Fretting Conditions, Tribol. Lett., 2015, 58(3), p 41
K.A. Laux, H.J. Sue, M.M. Hossain, and T. Bremner, Influence of Wet Contact Conditions on the Multidirectional Fretting Behavior of Polyetheretherketone and Composites, Polymer, 2017, 13(108), p 462–475
O. Jacobs, K. Friedrich, G. Marom, K. Schulte, and H.D. Wagner, Fretting Wear Performance of Glass-, Carbon-, and Aramid-Fibre/Epoxy and PEEK Composites, Wear, 1990, 135(2), p 207–216
A. Schelling, H.H. Kausch, and A.C. Roulin, Friction Behaviour of Polyetheretherketone Under Dry Reciprocating Movement, Wear, 1991, 151(1), p 129–142
J. Bijwe, S. Sen, and A. Ghosh, Influence of PTFE Content in PEEK–PTFE Blends on Mechanical Properties and Tribo-Performance in Various Wear Modes, Wear, 2005, 258(10), p 1536–1542
M. Sharma, J. Bijwe, E. Mäder, and K. Kunze, Strengthening of CF/PEEK Interface to Improve the Tribological Performance in Low Amplitude Oscillating Wear Mode, Wear, 2013, 301(1), p 735–739
J. Karger-Kocsis and K. Friedrich, Microstructural Details and the Effect of Testing Conditions on the Fracture Toughness of Injection-Moulded Poly (Phenylene-Sulphide) Composites, J. Mater. Sci., 1987, 22(3), p 947–961
D.E. Spahr, K. Friedrich, J.M. Schultz, and R.S. Bailey, Microstructure and Fracture Behaviour of Short and Long Fibre-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites, J. Mater. Sci., 1990, 25(10), p 4427–4439
D. Klaffke, On the Influence of Test Parameters on Friction and Wear of Ceramics in Oscillating Sliding Contacts, Tribotest, 1995, 1(4), p 311–320
Z.P. Lu and K. Friedrich, On Sliding Friction and Wear of PEEK and Its Composites, Wear, 1995, 181, p 624–631
S. Marx and R. Junghans, Friction and Wear of highly Stressed Thermoplastic Bearings Under Dry Sliding Conditions, Wear, 1996, 193(2), p 253–260
A.C. Greco, R. Erck, O. Ajayi, and G. Fenske, Effect of Reinforcement Morphology on High-Speed Sliding Friction and Wear of PEEK Polymers, Wear, 2011, 271(9), p 2222–2229
Acknowledgments
One of the authors (A.P. Harsha) would like to thank Mr. Manfred Hartelt and the staff of the fretting wear group, 6.3 Division of macro-tribology and wear protection, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Berlin, Germany, for their support during experimental studies. The thanks are also extended to BAM for providing financial support, during the research stay during which this research work was conducted. The authors gratefully acknowledge the help of Mrs. Sigrid Benemann for the preparation of the SEM pictures. The authors also thank Dr. D. Spaltmann for his inputs in the preparation of the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Harsha, A.P., Wäsche, R. Influence of Temperature on Friction and Wear Characteristics of Polyaryletherketones and Their Composites Under Reciprocating Sliding Condition. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 5438–5449 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3633-y
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3633-y