Abstract
Mechanical properties and exfoliation corrosion behavior in Al-Cu-Mg alloy with various pre-strain percents were characterized in this study by means of hardness measurement, optical microscope, transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical technique. The hardness of naturally aged alloy was significantly enhanced with increasing the pre-strain percents. The immersion tests and polarization measurements revealed that the pre-straining processing before natural aging reduced the resistance of the alloy to exfoliation corrosion (EXCO), which was mainly attributed to the increase of dislocations density and grain aspect ratio. The decrease of residual tensile stress may only play a minor role in the EXCO resistance.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.C. Williams and E.A. Starke, Jr., Progress in Structural Materials for Aerospace Systems, Acta Mater., 2003, 51, p 5775–5799
L.S. Kramer, T.P. Blair, S.D. Blough, J.J. Fisher, Jr., and J.R. Pickens, Stress-Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Various Product Forms of Aluminum Alloy 2519, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2002, 11, p 645–650
Y. Li, Z. Liu, L. Lin, J. Peng, and A. Ning, Deformation Behavior of an Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zr Alloy During Hot Compression, J. Mater. Sci., 2011, 46, p 3708–3715
S.P. Ringer, K. Hono, T. Sakurai, and I.J. Polmear, Cluster Hardening in an Al-Cu-Mg Alloy, Scripita Mater., 1997, 36(5), p 517–521
S. Abis, M. Massazzm, P. Mengucci, and G. Riontino, Early Ageing Mechanisms in a High-Copper AlCuMg Alloy, Scripita Mater., 2001, 45, p 685–691
S.C. Wang and M.J. Starink, Precipitates and Intermetallic Phases in Precipitation Hardening Al-Cu-Mg-(Li) Based Alloys, Int. Mater. Rev., 2005, 50(4), p 193–215
M.J. Robinson and N.C. Jackson, The Influence of Grain Structure and Intergranular Corrosion Rate on Exfoliation and Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Al-Cu-Mg Alloys, Corros. Sci., 1999, 41, p 1013–1028
J. Wloka, T. Hack, and S. Virtanen, Influence of Temper and Surface Condition on the Exfoliation Behavior of High Strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys, Corros. Sci., 2007, 49, p 1437–1449
X. Liu, G.S. Frankel, B. Zoofan, and S.I. Rokhlin, Effect of Applied Tensile Stress on Intergranular Corrosion of AA2024-T3, Corros. Sci., 2004, 46, p 405–425
X. Liu and G.S. Frankel, Effects of Compressive Stress on Localized Corrosion in AA2024-T3, Corros. Sci., 2006, 48, p 3309–3329
D. Wang, D.R. Ni, and Z.Y. Ma, Effect of Pre-Strain and Two-Step Aging on Microstructure and Stress Corrosion Cracking of 7050 Alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A., 2008, 494, p 360–366
D. Yi, S. Yang, B. Deng, and M. Zhou, Effect of Pre-Strain on Fatigue Crack Growth of 2E12 Aluminum Alloy, Trans. Nonferr. Met. Soc. China, 2007, 17, p 141–147
J. Schijce, The Effect of Pre-Strain on Fatigue Crack Growth and Crack Closure, Eng. Fract. Mech., 1976, 8, p 575–581
ASTM Standard G34-01, “Standard Test Method for Exfoliation Corrosion Susceptibility in 2XXX and 7XXX Series Al Alloys”, 2001
L.D. Leshchiner, V.S. Sandler, and K.A. Sakharov, Effect of Cold Deformation on the Structure and Properties of Aluminum Alloy 1441 Sheets, Met. Sci. Heat Treat., 1995, 37, p 62–64
A. Charai, T. Walther, C. Alfonso, A.M. Zahra, and C.Y. Zahra, Coexistence of Clusters, GPB Zones, S″-, S′- and S-Phases in an Al ± 0.9%Cu ± 1.4%Mg Alloy, Acta Mater., 2000, 48, p 2751–2764
D. Wang and Z.Y. Ma, Effect of Pre-Strain on Microstructure and Stress Corrosion Cracking of Over-Aged 7050 Aluminum Alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2009, 469, p 445–450
R. Gou, Y. Zhang, X. Xu, L. Sun, and Y. Yang, Residual Stress Measurement of New and In-Service X70 Pipelines by X-Ray Diffraction Method, NDT&E Int., 2011, 44, p 387–393
G. Itoh, K. Koyama, and M. Kanno, Evidence for the Transport of Impurity Hydrogen with Gliding Dislocation in Aluminium Alloy, Scripta Mater., 1996, 35(6), p 695–698
H. Kamoutsi, G.H. Haidemenopoulos, V. Bontozoglou, and S. Pantelakis, Corrosion-Induced Hydrogen Embrittlement in Aluminum Alloy 2024, Corros. Sci., 2006, 48, p 1209–1224
J. Albrecht, I.M. Bernstein, and A.W. Thompson, Evidence for Dislocation Transport of Hydrogen in Aluminum, Metall. Trans. A, 1982, 13A, p 811–820
M. Talianker and B. Cina, Retrogression and Reaging and the Role of Dislocations in the Stress Corrosion of 7000-Type Aluminum Alloys, Metall. Trans. A, 1989, 20A, p 2087–2092
D. McNaughtan, M. Worsfold, and M.J. Robinson, Corrosion Product Force Measurements in the Study of Exfoliation and Stress Corrosion Cracking in High Strength Aluminium Alloys, Corros. Sci., 2003, 45, p 2377–2389
L. Lin, Z. Liu, Y. Li, X. Han, and X. Chen, Effects of Severe Cold Rolling on Exfoliation Corrosion Behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Cr Alloy, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2011, doi:10.1007/s11665-011-9978-0
M.J. Robinson, Mathematical Modelling of Exfoliation Corrosion in High Strength Aluminum Alloys, Corros. Sci., 1982, 22, p 775–790
Acknowledgment
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the National Key Fundamental Research Project of China.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Y., Liu, Z., Bai, S. et al. Effects of Pre-Strain on Exfoliation Corrosion Behavior in Al-Cu-Mg Alloy. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 21, 1479–1484 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-0040-z
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-0040-z