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Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Supersonic Coherent Jets for Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process

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Abstract

Supersonic coherent gas jets are now used widely in electric arc furnace steelmaking and many other industrial applications to increase the gas–liquid mixing, reaction rates, and energy efficiency of the process. However, there has been limited research on the basic physics of supersonic coherent jets. In the present study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the supersonic jet with and without a shrouding flame at room ambient temperature was carried out and validated against experimental data. The numerical results show that the potential core length of the supersonic oxygen and nitrogen jet with shrouding flame is more than four times and three times longer, respectively, than that without flame shrouding, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. The spreading rate of the supersonic jet decreased dramatically with the use of the shrouding flame compared with a conventional supersonic jet. The present CFD model was used to investigate the characteristics of the supersonic coherent oxygen jet at steelmaking conditions of around 1700 K (1427 °C). The potential core length of the supersonic coherent oxygen jet at steelmaking conditions was 1.4 times longer than that at room ambient temperature.

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Abbreviations

D i :

diffusion coefficient of species i

E :

radiative heat transfer (J/s)

H :

total enthalpy (J/kg)

k :

turbulent kinetic energy (m2/s2)

P :

pressure (N/m2)

Pr t :

turbulent Prandtl number

Sc t :

turbulent Schmidt number

S fu :

volumetric rate of fuel consumption (kg/m3 s)

S p :

spreading rate

T :

temperature (K)

t :

time (s)

U :

velocity (m/s)

u :

fluctuating velocity (m/s)

X :

distance (m)

Y i :

mass fraction of species i

ρ :

density (kg/m3)

μ :

molecular viscosity (Ns/m2)

μ t :

turbulent viscosity (Ns/m2)

γ :

thermal conductivity (W/mK)

ε:

turbulent dissipation rate (m2/s3)

∈ :

emissivity

ζ:

vorticity (1/s)

D e :

nozzle exit diameter (m)

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the members of the One Steel, Melbourne for their financial support and useful discussions in this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia

    Morshed Alam (Ph.D. Student), Jamal Naser (Senior Lecturer) & Geoffrey Brooks (Professor)

  2. Primary Steelmaking Manufacturing, One Steel Laverton, Laverton North, Victoria, 3026, Australia

    Andrea Fontana (Senior Process Engineer)

Authors
  1. Morshed Alam
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  2. Jamal Naser
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  3. Geoffrey Brooks
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  4. Andrea Fontana
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Morshed Alam.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted April 28, 2010.

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Alam, M., Naser, J., Brooks, G. et al. Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Supersonic Coherent Jets for Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process. Metall Mater Trans B 41, 1354–1367 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-010-9436-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-010-9436-7

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