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Controlled Undercooling of Liquid Nickel in Contact with ZrO2 and Al2O3 Substrates under Varying Oxygen Partial Pressures

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Abstract

The undercooling of a liquid metal, when it is in contact with a particular oxide surface that is a heterogeneous nucleant for solidification, can be measured by observing the recalescence of a sessile droplet in contact with substrates of different compositions under controlled oxygen partial pressures. In this work, the undercooling of pure liquid nickel sessile droplets in contact with ZrO2 and Al2O3 substrates was measured. The undercooling of pure nickel was affected by the oxygen partial pressure in the surrounding gas phase and exhibited a maximum undercooling of 320 °C for an Al2O3 substrate and 316 °C for a ZrO2 substrate, both at a PO2 close to 10−19 atm. The undercooling of nickel decreases for lower oxygen partial pressures to an average close to 200 °C and for higher oxygen partial pressures to values below 150 °C. The experimental results were compared with the undercooling of iron droplets, and the effect of the substrate orientation on nucleation was also measured.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the member companies of the Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research, Carnegie Mellon University, and AISI DOE Project No. 0101, “Inclusion Optimization for New Generation Steel Products,” for the financial support.

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Author notes

  1. Martin E. Valdez (Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Fellow, formerly)

    Present address: Tenaris Center for Industrial Research, Campana, B2804MHA, Argentina

  2. Alan W. Cramb (Professor)

    Present address: Rensselaer Polytechnique Insitute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon Univeristy, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Martin E. Valdez (Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Fellow, formerly) & Alan W. Cramb (Professor)

  2. CEIT and TECNUM, University of Nevarra, E-20018 Conostia-San Sebastian, Basque County, Spain

    Pello Uranga (Researcher)

Authors
  1. Martin E. Valdez
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  2. Pello Uranga
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  3. Alan W. Cramb
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martin E. Valdez.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted April 3, 2006.

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Valdez, M.E., Uranga, P. & Cramb, A.W. Controlled Undercooling of Liquid Nickel in Contact with ZrO2 and Al2O3 Substrates under Varying Oxygen Partial Pressures. Metall Mater Trans B 38, 257–266 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-006-9018-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-006-9018-x

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