Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sodium Aluminate Concentration Effects on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Pure Titanium

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) concentration was varied in order to understand the influence of the chemical composition of electrolyte on the spark characteristics, microstructure, and corrosion behavior of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings. For this purpose, PEO coatings were formed on the pure titanium substrate surface using solutions of four diverse sodium aluminate concentrations (6, 8, 10, and 12 g/L). The PEO process was carried out at constant time and voltage (180 seconds and 420 V). Studying the microstructures of samples by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and their corrosion behavior in 3.5 wt pct NaCl solutions indicated that the increase in NaAlO2 concentration (up to 10 g/L) led to an increase in uniformity and compactness, thus decreasing the size of micro-pores and increment of corrosion resistance. However, at a certain level of NaAlO2 concentration (12 g/L), large and severe sparks were created on the surface of the sample during the process, worsening the corrosion resistance and microstructure of coating.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Shokouhfar, C. Dehghanian, and A. Baradaran: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2011, vol. 257, pp. 2617-24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. R.O. Hussein, X. Nie, and D.O. Northwood: Mater. Chem. Phys., 2012, vol. 134, pp. 484-92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. S.K. Yazıcı, F. Muhaffel, and M. Baydogan: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2014, vol. 318, pp. 10-14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J.H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Lu, M.H. Du, and F.Zh. Han: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2015, vol. 324, pp. 405-13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Zh. Yao, Zh. Jiang, X. Wu, X. Sun, and Zh. Wu: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, vol. 200, pp. 2445-50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. M.R. Garsivaz Jazi, M.A. Golozar, K. Raeissi, and M. Fazel: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2014, vol. 244, pp. 29–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M. Shokouhfar, and S.R. Allahkaram: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, vol. 291, pp. 396-05.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. J.L. Xu, F. Liu, F.P. Wang, and L.C. Zhao: Mater. Lett. 2008, vol. 62, pp. 4112-14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Y. Qin, D. Xiong, and J. Li: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, vol. 269, pp. 266-72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Sabaghi Joni, and A. Fattah-alhosseini: J. Alloys Compd., 2016, vol. 661, pp. 237-44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. L.C. Campanelli, L.T. Duarte, P.S.C.P.d. Silva, and C. Bolfarini: Mater. Des. 2014, vol. 64, pp. 393-99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Stojadinovic, N. Radic, R. Vasilic, M. Petkovic, P. Stefanov, and L.J. Zekovic, B. Grbic: Appl. Catal. B, 2012, vol. 126, pp. 334-41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S. Aliasghari, A. Němcová, P. Skeldon, and G.E. Thompson: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, vol. 289, pp. 101-09.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. A. Fattah-alhosseini, M. Vakili-Azghandi, and M.K. Keshavarz: Acta Metall. Sin. (English Lett), 2016, vol. 29, pp. 274-81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Vakili-Azghandi, A. Fattah-alhosseini, and M.K. Keshavarz: J. Mat. Eng. Perf. 2016, vol. 25, pp. 5302-13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. K. Dong, Y. Song, D. Shan, and E.H. Han: Corros. Sci., 2015, vol. 100, pp. 275-83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Zh. Yao, Zh. Jiang, Sh. Xin, X. Sun, and X. Wu: Electrochim. Acta, 2005, vol. 50, pp. 3273-79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Y.H. Wang, Zh.G. Liu, J.H. Ouyang, Y.M. Wang, and Y. Zhou: J. Alloys Compd., 2015, vol. 647, pp. 431-37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. K.R. Shin, Y.G. Ko, and D.H. Shin: J. Alloys Compd., 2011, vol. 509S, pp. S478-81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Hariprasad, M. Ashfaq, T. Arunnellaiappan, H. Manu, and N. Rameshbabu: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, vol. 292, pp. 20-29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. X.L. Zhang, Zh.H. Jiang, Zh.P. Yao, and Zh.D. Wu: Corros. Sci., 2010, vol. 52, pp. 3465-73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. H. Wang, F. Liu, X. Xiong, Sh. Ke, X. Zeng, and P. Lin: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2015, vol. 356, pp. 1234-43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Sarbishei, M.A. Faghihi Sani, and M.R. Mohammadi: Ceram. Int., 2016, vol. 42, pp. 8789-97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. F. Liu, J.L. Xu, D.Z. Yu, F.P. Wang, and L.C. Zhao: Mater. Chem. Phys., 2010, vol. 121, pp. 172-77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. M. Tang, W. Li, H. Liu, and L. Zhu: Curr. Appl. Phys., 2012, vol. 12, pp. 1259-65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. A. Fattah-alhosseini, and M. Sabaghi Joni: J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2015, vol. 24, pp. 3444-52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Khorasanian, A. Dehghan, M.H. Shariat, M.E. Bahrololoom, and S. Javadpour: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, vol. 206, pp. 1495-02.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Zh. Yao, P. Su, Q. Shen, P. Ju, Ch. Wu, Y. Zhai, and Zh. Jiang: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, vol. 269, pp. 273-78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. O.A. Galvis, D. Quintero, J.G. Castaño, H. Liu, G.E. Thompson, P. Skeldon, and F. Echeverría: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, vol. 269, pp. 238-49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. M. Shokouhfar, C. Dehghanian, M. Montazeri, and A. Baradaran: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2012, vol. 258, pp. 2416-23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. K. Venkateswarlu, N. Rameshbabu, D. Sreekanth, M. Sandhyarani, A.C. Bose, V.Muthupandi, and S. Subramanian: Electrochim. Acta, 2013, vol. 105, pp. 468-80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Y. Vangolu, E. Arslan, Y. Totik, E. Demirci, and A. Alsaran: Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, vol. 205, pp. 1764-73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. V. Sáenz de Viteri, R. Bayón, A. Igartua, G. Barandika, J. Esteban Moreno, C. Pérez-Jorge Peremarch, and M. Martínez Pérez: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2016, vol. 367, pp. 1–10.

  34. W. Zhu, Y.J. Fang, H. Zheng, G. Tan, H. Cheng, and Ch. Ning: Thin Solid Films, 2013, vol. 544, pp. 79-82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. M. Aliofkhazraei, R. Shoja Gharabagh, M. Teimouri, M. Ahmadzadeh, Gh. Barati Darband, and H. Hasannejad: J. Alloys Compd., 2016, vol. 685, pp. 376-83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. M. Babaei, Ch. Dehghanian, and M. Vanaki: Appl. Surf. Sci., 2015, vol. 357, pp. 712-20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178-38695, Iran

    Maryam Molaei, Arash Fattah-Alhosseini & Seyed Omid Gashti

Authors
  1. Maryam Molaei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Arash Fattah-Alhosseini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Seyed Omid Gashti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maryam Molaei.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted December 15, 2016.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Molaei, M., Fattah-Alhosseini, A. & Gashti, S.O. Sodium Aluminate Concentration Effects on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Pure Titanium. Metall Mater Trans A 49, 368–375 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4405-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4405-2

Search

Navigation