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Failure Mechanism of a Stellite Coating on Heat-Resistant Steel

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Abstract

The Stellite 21 coating on the heat-resistant steel X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 (so-called COSTE) used in a steam turbine valve was found to be fatigue broken after service at around 873 K (600 °C) for about 8 years. In order to investigate the failure mechanism, a fresh Stellite 21 coating was also prepared on the same COSTE steel substrate by using the similar deposition parameters for comparison. It was found that the Stellite 21 coating was significantly diluted by the steel, resulting in a thin Fe-rich layer in the coating close to the fusion line. Such high Fe concentration together with the incessant Fe diffusion from the steel substrate to the coating during the service condition (about 873 K (600 °C) for long time) induced the eutectoid decomposition of the fcc α-Co(Fe,Cr,Mo) solid solution, forming an irregular eutectoid microstructure that was composed of the primitive cubic α′-FeCo(Cr,Mo) phase and the tetragonal σ-CrCo(Fe,Mo) phase. The brittle nature of such α′/σ eutectoid microstructure contributed to the fatigue fracture of the Stellite 21 coating, resulting in an intergranular rupture mode.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification and the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Dong Wang, Huang Wang & Guo He

  2. Shanghai Electric Power Generation Equipment Co., Ltd, Shanghai Turbine Plant, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Haixing Zhao, Yuyan Li & Xia Liu

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Guo He

Authors
  1. Dong Wang
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  2. Haixing Zhao
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  3. Huang Wang
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  4. Yuyan Li
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  5. Xia Liu
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  6. Guo He
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Correspondence to Guo He.

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Manuscript submitted January 19, 2017.

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Wang, D., Zhao, H., Wang, H. et al. Failure Mechanism of a Stellite Coating on Heat-Resistant Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 48, 4356–4364 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4181-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4181-z

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