Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Precipitation Kinetics in a Nb-stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The precipitation occurring in a Nb-stabilized ferritic stainless steel, containing initially Nb(C, N) carbonitrides and Fe3Nb3X precipitates, was investigated during aging treatments performed between 923 K and 1163 K (650 °C and 890 °C) by combining different techniques, (thermoelectric power (TEP), scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT)), in order to determine the precipitation kinetics, the nature and morphology of the newly formed precipitates as well as the chemistry of the initial Fe3Nb3X precipitates, where X stands for C or N. The following composition was proposed for these precipitates: (Fe0.81 Cr0.19)3 (Nb0.85 Si0.08 Mo0.07)3 (N0.8 C0.2), highlighting the simultaneous presence of N and C in the precipitates. With regard to the precipitation in the investigated temperature range, two main phenomena, associated with a hardness decrease, were clearly identified: (i) the precipitation of Fe2Nb precipitates from the niobium initially present in solution or coming from the progressive dissolution of the Fe3Nb3X precipitates and (ii) the precipitation of the χ-phase at grain boundaries for longer aging times. From the TEP kinetics, a time–temperature–precipitation diagram has been proposed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J.H. Schmitt: Key Engineering Materials, 2002, vol. 230-232, pp. 17-22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. N. Fujita, K. Ohmura, M. Kikuchi, T. Suzuki, S. Funaki, I. Hiroshige: Scripta Mater., 1996, vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 705-710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. N. Fujita, K. Ohmura, A. Yamamoto: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2003, vol. 351, pp. 272-281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A. Miyazaki, K. Takao, O. Furukumi: ISIJ Int., 2002, vol. 42 (8), pp. 916–920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. G.M. Sim, J.C. Ahn, S.C. Hong, K.J. Lee, K.S. Lee: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2005, vol. 396, pp. 159–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. F. Vieira Braga, D. Pérez Escobar, T.J. Ávila Reis, N.J. Lucinda de Oliveira, M.S. Andrade: Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2016, vol. 5 (1), pp. 92–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Chassagne, J.D. Mithieux and J. H. Schmitt: Steel Res. Int., 2006, vol. 77 (9–10), pp. 680–685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Y. Shan, X. Luo, X. Hu, S. Liu: Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2011, vol. 27(4), pp. 352–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. C.S. Tedmon, D.A. Vermilyea, J.H. Rosolowski: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1971, vol. 118(2), pp. 192-202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. X. Huang, D. Wang, Y. Yang: Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2015, vol. 22(11) pp. 1062–1068.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Malfliet, W. Van den Broek, F. Chassagne, J.D. Mithieux, B. Blanpain, P. Wollants: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2011, vol. 509, pp. 9583–9588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. A. Malfliet, F. Mom Piou, F. Chassagne: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2011, vol. 42A, pp. 3333–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. L. Ma, S.S. Hu, J. Q. Shen: Ironmaking & Steelmaking, 2016, 43 (10), pp. 752–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. D. Boyd, Z. Yao, Application of modern transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to the study of phase transformations in steels, Phase Transformations in Steels: diffusionless transformations, high strength steels, modelling and advanced analytical techniques, Volume 2 in Woodhead Publishing Series in Metals and Surface Engineering, pp. 507–31, 2012

  15. G. G. Hembree, J. S. Drucker, F. C. H. Luo, M. Krishnamurthy and J. A. Venables: Applied Physics Letters, 1991, vol. 58(17), pp. 1890-1892.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Pelletier, G. Vigier, J. Merlin, P. Merle, F. Fouquet, R. Borrelly: Acta Metall., 1984, vol. 32, pp. 1069–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. N. Lavaire, V. Massardier, J. Merlin: Scripta Mater., 2004, vol. 50, pp. 131–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M. Houzé, X. Kléber, F. Fouquet, M. Delnondedieu: Scripta Mater., 2004, vol. 51(12), pp.1171–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Perez, F. Perrard, V. Massardier, X. Kléber, A. Deschamps, H. De Monestrol, P. Pareige, G. Covarel: Phil. Mag., 2005, vol. 85, pp. 2197–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Perez, V. Massardier, X. Kleber: Int. J. Mat. Res., 2009, vol. 100 (10), pp. 1461–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. F. Blatt, P. Shroeder, C. Foiles, D. Creig: Thermoelectric power of metals, 1976, Springer US, New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  22. R. Borrely, J.L. Bouvier-Volaille: Traitement thermiques,1988, vol.221, pp. 43–45.

    Google Scholar 

  23. A. Brahmi, PhD thesis, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, France, 1993.

  24. M. Houzé, PhD thesis, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, France, 2002

  25. N. Lavaire, V. Sardoy, J. Merlin: Scripta mater., 2001, vol. 44, pp. 553–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. K. Thompson, D. Lawrence, D.J. Larson, J.D. Olson, T.F. Kelly, B. Gorman: Ultramicroscopy, 2007, vol.107, pp. 131–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Martin, A. Martinavicius, S. Bruyère, H.P. Van Landeghem, C. Gendarme, F. Danoix,·R. Danoix, A. Redjaimia,·T. Grosdidier, T. Czerwiec: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2016, vol.683, pp. 418-426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. J.D. Redmond, P.J. Grobner, V. Biss: Journal of Metals, 1981, vol.33(2), pp. 19-25.

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, D.-W. Suh: Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 2015, vol. 42, pp. 259-267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. E.L. Brown, M.E. Burnett, P.T. Purtscher and G. Krauss: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1983, vol. 14A, pp. 791–800.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. A.F. Padilha, R.L. Plaut, P.R. Rios: Stainless steels heat treatment (Chapter 12). In: Totten GE, editor. Steel Heat Treatment. CRC Press: Boca Raton

Download references

Acknowledgments

Thanks are due to the Clym (Consortium Lyonnais de Microscopie) for access to the 2100 microscope, and to N. Blanchard for his assistance with the TEM. The work has received funding from the French CNRS-CEA METSA network for FIB sample preparation and Atom Probe measurements.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ. Lyon, INSA Lyon, MATEIS – UMR CNRS 5510, Bât. Saint-Exupéry, 25 avenue J. Capelle, 69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France

    M. Labonne, A. Graux, S. Cazottes, M. Perez & V. Massardier

  2. Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, 76000, Rouen, France

    F. Danoix & F. Cuvilly

  3. APERAM Research Center, BP15, 62330, Isbergues, France

    F. Chassagne

Authors
  1. M. Labonne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Graux
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. Cazottes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. F. Danoix
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. F. Cuvilly
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. F. Chassagne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. M. Perez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. V. Massardier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Massardier.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted March 13, 2017.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Labonne, M., Graux, A., Cazottes, S. et al. Precipitation Kinetics in a Nb-stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 48, 3655–3664 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4158-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4158-y

Search

Navigation