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Textures in Single-Crystal Aluminum Friction Stir Spot Welds

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Abstract

The present article examines the textural features produced during friction stir spot welding of single-crystal aluminum sheet. The crystal has the {111} plane perpendicular to the normal direction (ND) of the sheet, and the \( \left\langle { 1 10} \right\rangle \) direction parallel to the growth direction (GD). Friction stir spot welding was carried out using a rotation speed of 1500 rpm and a dwell time of 2 seconds, and completed spot welds were characterized using a combination of optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The EBSD measurements indicate there are no significant changes in orientation in locations more than 840 μm from the stir-zone extremity. The orientation distribution in the thermomechanically-affected zone (TMAZ) region conformed with the {110}⊥ND orientation within 580 μm of the stir-zone extremity. In the location immediately adjacent to the stir-zone extremity, there was a deviation from the {110}//ND orientation due to a combination of compressive loading perpendicular to the stir-zone boundary and shear loading in the direction of tool rotation. It is suggested a {111}⊥ND texture in the stir zone is associated with material flow imposed by the thread on the rotating pin.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Also, the authors thank the The Light Metal Educational Foundation Inc. in Japan for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Joining and Welding Research Institute (JWRI), Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, Japan

    Toshiya Shibayanagi (Associate Professor)

  2. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2V4

    Adrian P. Gerlich (Assistant Professor)

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wakayama National College of Technology, 77 Noshima, Nadacho, Gobo-shi, Wakayama, 644-0023, Japan

    Keizo Kashihara (Associate Professor)

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College St., Toronto, Canada, M5S 3E4

    Thomas H. North (Professor)

Authors
  1. Toshiya Shibayanagi
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  2. Adrian P. Gerlich
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adrian P. Gerlich.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted May 20, 2008.

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Shibayanagi, T., Gerlich, A.P., Kashihara, K. et al. Textures in Single-Crystal Aluminum Friction Stir Spot Welds. Metall Mater Trans A 40, 920–931 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-008-9766-0

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