Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Overall kinetics and morphology of the products of austenite decomposition in a Fe-0.46 Pct C-5.2 Pct Cr alloy transformed isothermally above the bay

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The overall transformation kinetics of austenite isothermal decomposition above the bay of the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) curve and the eutectoid morphology of the resulting products have been studied in a Fe-0.46 pct C-5.2 pct Cr alloy. Classical lamellar pearlite was formed at high temperatures while complex ferrite plus carbide morphologies, sometimes described as spiky pearlite, arborescent structures, or nonclassical decompositions products of austenite in Fe-Cr-C alloys, formed at low temperatures. While X-ray diffraction of extracted carbides and selected area diffraction-transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed evidence for a mixture of M3C and M7C3 carbides, thermodynamic calculations results obtained only M7C3 as the equilibrium carbide at the temperatures studied. A tentative explanation for the arborescent morphology is presented, based on the hypothesis of the existence of a drag force or free energy dissipation term that is locally relaxed by the partition of Cr into the carbides at the reaction front, consequently removing Cr from the interface.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. Hultgren: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1926, vol. 114, pp. 421–22.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J.M. Robertson: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1929, vol. 119, pp. 391–425.

    Google Scholar 

  3. E.S. Davenport and E.C. Bain: Trans. TMS-AIME, 1930, vol. 90, pp. 117–54.

    Google Scholar 

  4. F. Wever and H. Lange: Mitteilungen aüs dem Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute für Eisenforschung, 1932, vol. 14, pp. 71–83.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. H. Jolivet: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1939, pp. 391–419.

  6. H. Jolivet and A. Portevin: Le Genie Civil, 1939, vol. 114 (I), pp. 509–11.

    Google Scholar 

  7. T. Lyman and A.R. Troiano: Met. Technol., 1945, vol. 12, pp. 196–220.

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. Hultgren: Kung Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 1953, vol. 4, pp. 3–44.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. F. Wever and W. Koch: Z. Deutsche Eisenhuttenwes., 1954, vol. 76 (16), pp. 989–1002.

    Google Scholar 

  10. A. Schrader: Arch. Eisenhuttenwes., 1954, vol. 25, pp. 465–74.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. J.W. Cahn and W.C. Hagel: in Decomposition of Austenite by Diffusional Processes, John Wiley & Sons (Interscience), New York, NY, 1962, TMS-AIME Conference Proceeding, pp. 131–92.

    Google Scholar 

  12. G.R. Srinivasan and C.M. Wayman: Acta Metall., 1968, vol. 16, p. 609.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. J.V. Bee, P.R. Howell, and R.W.K. Honeycombe: Metall. Trans. A, 1979, vol. 10A, pp. 1207–22.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. J. Chance and N. Ridley: Metall. Trans. A, 1981, vol. 12A, pp. 1205–13.

    Google Scholar 

  15. N. Ridley: Metall. Trans. A, 1984, vol. 15A, pp. 1019–36.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Goldenstein and H.I. Aaronson: Metall. Trans. A, 1990, vol. 21A, pp. 1465–77.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. H. Goldenstein: Tese de Livre Docencia, EPUSP, Brazil, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  18. H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia: Proc. Solid-Solid Phase Transformations, TMS-AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1981, pp. 1041–48.

    Google Scholar 

  19. A.A. Kaya and D.V. Edmonds: Metall. Trans. A, 1988, vol. 29A, pp. 2913–24.

    Google Scholar 

  20. D.V. Shtansky, K. Nakai, and Y. Ohmori: Acta Mater., 1999, vol. 4 (47), pp. 1105–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. W.T. Reynolds, F.Z. Li, C.K. Shui, and H.I. Aaronson: Metall. Trans. A, 1990, vol. 21A, pp. 1433–63.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. H.I. Aaronson, W.T. Reynolds, and G.R. Purdy: Metall. Trans. A, 2006, vol. 37A, pp. 1731–46.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. H.I. Aaronson and H. Domian: Trans. TMS-AIME, 1966, vol. 236, pp. 781–96.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. W.T. Reynolds, Y. Wang, H. Goldenstein, and A.B. Farina: Virginia Tech and Escola Politécnica da USP, unpublished research, 2004.

  25. M. Militzer: Symposium on the Thermodynamics, Kinetics, Characterization and Modeling of Austenite Formation and Decomposition, ISS and TMS, Warrendale, PA, 2003, pp. 195–209.

    Google Scholar 

  26. M. Hillert: Jerkontorets Annaler, 1957, vol. 141, p. 757.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. K.R. Kinsman and H.I. Aaronson: Transformation and Hardenability in Steels, Climax Molybdenum Co., Ann Arbor, MI, 1967, p. 39.

    Google Scholar 

  28. R.E. Hackenberg and G.J. Shiflet: Symposium on the Thermodynamics, Kinetics, Characterization and Modeling of Austenite Formation and Decomposition, ISS and TMS, Warrendale, PA, 2003, pp. 27–41.

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. Goldenstein, J.A. Cifuentes, and A. Sinatora: Solid-Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials, TMS, Warrendale, PA, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  30. K.W. Andrews, D.J. Dyson, and S.R. Keown: in Interpretation of Electron Diffraction Patterns, Adam Hilger, ed., London, 1967, p. 188.

  31. G.J. Shiflet and H.I. Aaronson: Metall. Trans. A, 1990, vol. 21A, p. 1413.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    H. Goldenstein (Associate Professor) & J. A. Cifuentes (Graduate Student)

Authors
  1. H. Goldenstein
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. A. Cifuentes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

This article is based on a presentation made in the “Hillert Symposium on Thermodynamics & Kinetics of Migrating Interfaces in Steels and Other Complex Alloys,” December 2–3, 2004, organized by The Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Goldenstein, H., Cifuentes, J.A. Overall kinetics and morphology of the products of austenite decomposition in a Fe-0.46 Pct C-5.2 Pct Cr alloy transformed isothermally above the bay. Metall Mater Trans A 37, 1747–1755 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-0117-8

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-0117-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation