Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Exercise for improving age-related hyperkyphosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis with GRADE assessment

  • Review
  • Published:
Archives of Osteoporosis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

A Publisher Correction to this article was published on 29 December 2021

This article has been updated

Abstract

Summary

We reviewed exercise trials in men and women ≥ 45 years with hyperkyphosis at the baseline and performed meta-analyses for kyphosis and health-related outcomes.

Purpose

To determine the effects of exercise interventions on kyphosis angle, back extensor muscle strength or endurance, physical functioning, quality of life, pain, falls, and adverse events in adults 45 years or older with hyperkyphosis.

Methods

Multiple databases were searched to May 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCT, and pre-post intervention studies that had at least one group with a mean kyphosis angle of at least 40° at the baseline were included.

Results

Twenty-four studies were included. Exercise or physical therapy improved kyphosis outcomes (SMD − 0.31; 95% confidence intervals [CI] − 0.46, − 0.16; moderate certainty evidence), back extensor muscle strength (MD 10.51 N; 95% CI 6.65, 14.38; very low certainty evidence), and endurance (MD 9.76 s; 95% CI 6.40, 13.13; low certainty evidence). Meta-analyses showed improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (SMD 0.21; 95% CI 0.06, 0.37; moderate certainty of evidence), general pain (MD − 0.26; 95% CI − 0.39, − 0.13; low certainty of evidence), and performance on the timed up and go (TUG) test (MD − 0.28 s; 95% CI − 0.48, − 0.08; very low certainty of evidence). The effects on the rate of falls (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.15; 95% CI 0.64, 2.05; low certainty evidence) or minor adverse events (IRR 1.29; 95% CI 0.95, 1.74; low certainty evidence) are uncertain. No serious adverse events were reported in the included studies.

Conclusions

Interventions targeting hyperkyphosis may improve kyphosis outcomes in adults with hyperkyphosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data being reported are accurate and are coming from the official source.

Code availability

Not applicable.

Change history

References

  1. Takahashi T, Ishida K, Hirose D, Nagano Y, Okumiya K, Nishinaga M, Matsubayashi K, Doi Y, Tani T, Yamamoto H (2005) Trunk deformity is associated with a reduction in outdoor activities of daily living and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older people. Osteoporos Int 16(3):273–279

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kado DM, HuangMH Karlamangla AS, Barrett-Connor E, Greendale GA (2004) Hyperkyphotic posture predicts mortality in older community-dwelling men and women: a prospective study. J Am Geriatr Soc 52(10):1662–1667

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Ettinger B, Black DM, Palermo L, Nevitt MC, Melnikoff S, Cummings SR (1994) Kyphosis in older women and its relation to back pain, disability and osteopenia: the study of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 4(1):55–60

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Hernlund E, Svedbom A, Ivergård M, Compston J, Cooper C, Stenmark J, McCloskey EV, Jönsson B, Kanis JA (2013) Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). Arch Osteoporos 8(1):136

  5. KE Ensrud, DM Black, F Harris, B Ettinger, SR Cummings (1997) Correlates of kyphosis in older women. The fracture intervention trial research group. Am Geriatr Soc 45(6):682–687

  6. Huang MH, Barrett-Connor E, Greendale GA, Kado DM (2006) Hyperkyphotic posture and risk of future osteoporotic fractures: the Rancho Bernardo study. Bone Miner Res 21(3):419–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rahman NN, Singh DK, Lee R (2017) Correlation between thoracolumbar curvatures and respiratory function in older adults. Clin Interv Aging 12:523–529

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Kado DM, Huang MH, Nguyen CB, Barrett-Connor E, Greendale GA (2007) Hyperkyphotic posture and risk of injurious falls in older persons: the Rancho Bernardo Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62(6):652–657

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sinaki M, Brey RH, Hughes CA, Larson DR, Kaufman KR (2005) Balance disorder and increased risk of falls in osteoporosis and kyphosis: significance of kyphotic posture and muscle strength. Osteoporos Int 16(8):1004–1010

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Martin AR, Sornay-Rendu E, Chandler JM, Duboeuf F, Girman CJ, Delmas PD (2002) The impact of osteoporosis on quality-of-life: the OFELY cohort. Bone 31(1):32–36

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Balzini L, Vannucchi L, Benvenuti F, Benucci M, Monni M, Cappozzo A, Stanhope SJ (2003) Clinical characteristics of flexed posture in elderly women. J Am Geriatr Soc 51(10):1419–1426

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kado DM, Duong T, Stone KL, Ensrud KE, Nevitt MC, Greendale GA, Cummings SR (2003) Incident vertebral fractures and mortality in older women: a prospective study. Osteoporos Int 14(7):589–594

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Schneider DL, von Mühlen D, Barrett-Connor E, Sartoris DJ (2004) Kyphosis does not equal vertebral fractures: the Rancho Bernardo study. J Rheumatol 31(4):747–752

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Birnbaum K, Siebert CH, Hinkelmann J, Prescher A, Niethard FU (2001) Correction of kyphotic deformity before and after transection of the anterior longitudinal ligament–a cadaver study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 121(3):142–147

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hinman MR (2004) Comparison of thoracic kyphosis and postural stiffness in younger and older women. Spine J 4(4):413–7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Manns RA, Haddaway MJ, McCall IW, Cassar Pullicino V, Davie MW (1996) The relative contribution of disc and vertebral morphometry to the angle of kyphosis in asymptomatic subjects. Clin Radiol 51(4):258–262

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Goh S, Price RI, Leedman PJ, Singer KP (1999) The relative influence of vertebral body and intervertebral disc shape on thoracic kyphosis. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 14(7):439–448

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Itoi E, Sinaki M (1994) Effect of back-strengthening exercise on posture in healthy women 49 to 65 years of age. Mayo Clin Proc 69(11):1054–1059

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Sinaki M, Itoi E, Rogers JW, Bergstralh EJ, Wahner HW (1996) Correlation of back extensor strength with thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in estrogen-deficient women. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 75(5):370–374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Sinaki M, Itoi E, Wahner HW, Wollan P, Gelzcer R, Mullan BP, Collins DA, Hodgson SF (2002) Stronger back muscles reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures: a prospective 10 year follow-up of postmenopausal women. Bone 30(6):836–841

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Katzman WB, Wanek L, Shepherd JA, Sellmeyer DE (2010) Age-related hyperkyphosis: its causes, consequences, and management. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 40(6):352–360

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Kado DM (2009) The rehabilitation of hyperkyphotic posture in the elderly. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 45(4):583–593

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. González-Gálvez N, Gea-García GM, Marcos-Pardo PJ (2019) Effects of exercise programs on kyphosis and lordosis angle: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 14(4):e0216180

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Bansal S, Katzman WB, Giangregorio LM (2014) Exercise for improving age-related hyperkyphotic posture: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 95(1):129–140

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hróbjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S, McGuinness LA, Stewart LA, Thomas J, Tricco AC, Welch VA, Whiting P, McKenzie JE (2021) PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n160

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Riva JJ, Malik KM, Burnie SJ, Endicott AR, Busse JW (2012) What is your research question? An introduction to the PICOT format for clinicians. J Can Chiropr Assoc 56(3):167–171

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Cobb J (1948) Outline for the study of scoliosis. Am Acad Orthop Surg Instr Course Lect 5:261–275

    Google Scholar 

  28. Milne JS, Lauder IJ (1976) The relationship of kyphosis to the shape of vertebral bodies. Ann Hum Biol 3(2):173–179

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Greendale GA, Huang MH, Karlamangla AS, Seeger L, Crawford S (2009) Yoga decreases kyphosis in senior women and men with adult-onset hyperkyphosis: results of a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 57(9):1569–1579

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Barrett E, Lenehan B, O’sullivan K, Lewis J, McCreesh K (2018) Validation of the manual inclinometer and flexicurve for the measurement of thoracic kyphosis. Physiother Theory Pract 34(4):301–308

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Gravina AR, Ferraro C, Frizziero A, Ferraro M, Masiero S (2012) Goniometer evaluation of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in subjects during growth age: a validity study. Stud Health Technol Inform 176:247–251

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Korovessis P, Petsinis G, Papazisis Z, Baikousis A (2001) Prediction of thoracic kyphosis using the Debrunner kyphometer. J Spinal Disord 14(1):67–72

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Mannion AF, Knecht K, Balaban G, Dvorak J, Grob D (2004) A new skin-surface device for measuring the curvature and global and segmental ranges of motion of the spine: reliability of measurements and comparison with data reviewed from the literature. Eur Spine J 13(2):122–136

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Barrett E, McCreesh K, Lewis J (2014) Reliability and validity of non-radiographic methods of thoracic kyphosis measurement: a systematic review. Man Ther 19(1):10–17

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Wongsa S, Amatachaya P, Saengsuwan J (2012) Concurrent validity of occiput-wall distance to measure kyphosis in communities. J Clin Trials 2:2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Health Canada. Reporting adverse reactions to marketed health products - guidance document for industry, pp. 1–3. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/reports-publications/medeffect-canada/reporting-adverse-reactions-marketed-health-products-guidance-industry.html

  37. Morin SN, Djekic-Ivankovic M, Funnell L, Giangregorio L, Rodrigues IB, Ridout R, Feldman S, Kim S, McDonald-Blumer H, Kline G, Ward WE, Santesso N, Leslie WD (2020) Patient engagement in clinical guidelines development: input from > 1000 members of the Canadian Osteoporosis Patient Network. Osteoporos Int 31(5):867–874

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Rodrigues IB, Ashe MC, Bartley J, Butt D, Chilibeck PD, Wark JD, Giangregorio L (2019) How exercise professionals support individuals with acute vertebral fractures. J Bone Miner Res 34(Suppl):1

    Google Scholar 

  39. Ponzano M, Rodrigues IB, Hosseini Z, Ashe MC, Butt DA, Chilibeck PD, Stapleton J, Thabane L, Wark JD, Giangregorio L (2021) Progressive resistance training for improving health-related outcomes in people at risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phys Ther 101(2):pzaa221

  40. Rodrigues IB, Ponzano M, Butt DA, Bartley J, Bardai Z, Ashe MC, Chilibeck PD, Thabane L, Wark JD, Stapleton J, Giangregorio L (2021) The effects of walking and Nordic walking in adults 50 years and older at elevated risk of fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Aging Phys Act 11:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  41. O’Neill J, Tabish H, Welch V, Petticrew M, Pottie K, Clarke M, Evans T, Pardo Pardo J, Waters E, White H, Tugwell P (2014) Applying an equity lens to interventions: using PROGRESS ensures consideration of socially stratifying factors to illuminate inequities in health. J Clin Epidemiol 67(1):56–64

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Deeks JJ, Higgins JPT, Altman DG (editors) (2021) Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane. Available from https://www.training.cochrane.org/handbook

  43. Higgins JPT, Savović J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Sterne JAC (2021) Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane. Available from https://www.training.cochrane.org/handbook

  44. Schünemann HJ, Higgins JPT, Vist GE, Glasziou P, Akl EA, Skoetz N, Guyatt GH ( 2021) Chapter 14: Completing ‘Summary of findings’ tables and grading the certainty of the evidence. In: Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (updated February 2021). Cochrane. Available from https://www.training.cochrane.org/handbook

  45. Barker KL, Newman M, Stallard N, Leal J, Lowe CM, Javaid MK, Noufaily A, Hughes T, Smith D, Gandhi V, Cooper C, Lamb SE (2020) Physiotherapy rehabilitation for osteoporotic vertebral fracture— a randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation (PROVE trial). Osteoporos Int 31(2):277–289

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Bennell KL, Matthews B, Greig A, Briggs A, Kelly A, Sherburn M, Larsen J, Wark J (2010) Effects of an exercise and manual therapy program on physical impairments, function and quality-of-life in people with osteoporotic vertebral fracture: a randomised, single-blind controlled pilot trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 11:36

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Bergström I, Bergström K, Kronhed AG, Karlsson S, Brinck J (2011) Back extensor training increases muscle strength in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, kyphosis and vertebral fractures. Adv Phys 13(3):110–117

    Google Scholar 

  48. Çergel Y, Topuz O, Alkan H, Sarsan A, Sabir Akkoyunlu N (2019) The effects of short-term back extensor strength training in postmenopausal osteoporotic women with vertebral fractures: comparison of supervised and home exercise program. Arch Osteoporos 14(1):82

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Karakasidou P, Skordilis E, Lyritis G (2013) Motor control exercise can reduce pain and kyphosis in osteoporotic women with vertebral fractures: a randomized controlled trial. Rev Clin Pharmacol Pharmacokinetics Int Edn 27:95

    Google Scholar 

  50. Bautmans I, Van Arken J, Van Mackelenberg M, Mets T (2010) Rehabilitation using manual mobilization for thoracic kyphosis in elderly postmenopausal patients with osteoporosis. J Rehabil Med 42(2):129–135

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Jang H, Kim M, Kim S (2015) Effect of thorax correction exercises on flexed posture and chest function in older women with age-related hyperkyphosis. J Phys Ther Sci 27(4):1161–1164

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Abreu D, Matos M, Costa G, Trevisan D, da Costa J (2012) The effect of physical exercise on thoracic hyperkyphosis in osteoporotic elderly women. Osteoporos Int 23(Suppl 2):S120

    Google Scholar 

  53. Sinaki M, Brey RH, Hughes CA, Larson DR, Kaufman KR (2005) Significant reduction in risk of falls and back pain in osteoporotic-kyphotic women through a spinal proprioceptive extension exercise dynamic (SPEED) program. Mayo Clin Proc 80(7):849–855

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Katzman WB, Sellmeyer DE, Stewart AL, Wanek L, Hamel KA (2007) Changes in flexed posture, musculoskeletal impairments, and physical performance after group exercise in community-dwelling older women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 88(2):192–199

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Katzman WB, Vittinghoff E, Lin F, Schafer A, Long RK, Wong S, Gladin A, Fan B, Allaire B, Kado DM, Lane NE (2017) Targeted spine strengthening exercise and posture training program to reduce hyperkyphosis in older adults: results from the study of hyperkyphosis, exercise, and function (SHEAF) randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 28(10):2831–2841

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Katzman WB, Gladin A, Lane NE, Wong S, Liu F, Jin C, Fukuoka Y (2019) Feasibility and acceptability of technology-based exercise and posture training in older adults with age-related hyperkyphosis: pre-post study. JMIR Aging 2(1)e12199

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. Katzman WB, Parimi N, Gladin A, Poltavskiy EA, Schafer AL, Long RK, Fan B, Wong SS, Lane NE (2017) Sex differences in response to targeted kyphosis specific exercise and posture training in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 18(1):509

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  58. Senthil P, Sudhakar S, Radhakrishnan R, Jeyakumar S (2017) Efficacy of corrective exercise strategy in subjects with hyperkyphosis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 30(6):1285–1289

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Sinaki M, Lynn SG (2002) Reducing the risk of falls through proprioceptive dynamic posture training in osteoporotic women with kyphotic posturing: a randomized pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 81(4):241–246

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Renno ACM, Granito RN, Driusso P, Costa D, Oishi J (2005) Effects of an exercise program on respiratory function, posture and on quality of life in osteoporotic women: a pilot study. Physiotherapy 91(2):113–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Jang HJ, Hughes LC, Oh DW, Kim SY (2019) Effects of corrective exercise for thoracic hyperkyphosis on posture, balance, and well-being in older women: a double-blind, group-matched design. J Geriatr Phys Ther 42(3):E17–E27

  62. Kaijser Alin C, Uzunel E, Grahn Kronhed A, Alinaghizadeh H, Salminen H (2019) Effect of treatment on back pain and back extensor strength with a spinal orthosis in older women with osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Osteoporos 14(1):5

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  63. Bulut D, Dilek B, Kılınç A, Ellidokuz H, Öncel S (2019) An investigation into the effects of kinesiotaping for posture correction on kyphosis angle, pain, and balance in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis-associated thoracic kyphosis. Arch Osteoporos 14(1):89

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Hanuszkiewicz J, Malicka I, Barczyk-Pawelec K, Woźniewski M (2015) Effects of selected forms of physical activity on body posture in the sagittal plane in women post breast cancer treatment. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 28(1):35–42

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Benedetti MG, Berti L, Presti C, Frizziero A, Giannini S (2008) Effects of an adapted physical activity program in a group of elderly subjects with flexed posture: clinical and instrumental assessment. J Neuroeng Rehabil 5:32

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  66. Watson SL, Weeks BK, Weis LJ, Harding AT, Horan SA, Beck BR (2019) High-intensity exercise did not cause vertebral fractures and improves thoracic kyphosis in postmenopausal women with low to very low bone mass: the LIFTMOR trial. Osteoporos Int 30(5):957–964

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Shahtahmassebi B, Hebert JJ, Hecimovich MD, Fairchild TJ (2017) Associations between trunk muscle morphology, strength and function in older adults. Sci Rep 7(1):10907

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. Grabiner MD, Donovan S, Bareither ML, Marone JR, Hamstra-Wright K, Gatts S, Troy KL (2008) Trunk kinematics and fall risk of older adults: translating biomechanical results to the clinic. Electromyogr Kinesiol 18(2):197–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Gibbs JC, MacIntyre NJ, Ponzano M, Templeton JA, Thabane L, Papaioannou A, Giangregorio LM (2019) Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7(7):CD008618

  70. Frank-Wilson AW, Farthing JP, Chilibeck PD, PD, CM Arnold, KS Davison, WP Olszynski, SA Kontulainen, (2016) Lower leg muscle density is independently associated with fall status in community-dwelling older adults. Osteoporos Int 27(7):2231–2240

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Kyrdalen IL, Thingstad P, Sandvik L, Ormstad H (2019) Associations between gait speed and well-known fall risk factors among community-dwelling older adults. Physiother Res Int 24(1):e1743

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. McLaughlin EC, El-Kotob R, Chaput J, Janssen I, Kho ME, Poitras VJ, Ross R, Ross-White A, Saunders TJ, Sherrington C, Giangregorio LM (2020) Balance and functional training and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 45(10,Suppl.2):S180–S196

  73. Salaffi F, Stancati A, Silvestri CA, Ciapetti A, Grassi W (2004) Minimal clinically important changes in chronic musculoskeletal pain intensity measured on a numerical rating scale. Eur J Pain 8(4):283–291

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Sangtarash F, Manshadi FD, Sadeghi A (2015) The relationship of thoracic kyphosis to gait performance and quality of life in women with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 26(8):2203–2208

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Latham N, Anderson C, Bennett D, Stretton C (2003) Progressive resistance strength training for physical disability in older people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2):CD002759

  76. Howe TE, Shea B, Dawson LJ, Downie F, Murray A, Ross C, Harbour RT, Caldwell LM, Creed G, Howe TE (2011) Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (7):CD000333

  77. Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK, Tiedemann A, Michaleff ZA, Howard K, Clemson L, Hopewell S, Lamb SE (2019) Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1(1):CD012424

  78. Ziebart C, McArthur C, Lee L, Papaioannou A, Laprade J, Cheung AM, Jain R, Giangregorio L (2018) Left to my own devices, I don’t know: using theory and patient-reported barriers to move from physical activity recommendations to practice. Osteoporos Int 29(5):1081–1091

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. McArthur C, Ziebart C, Papaioannou A, Cheung AM, Laprade J, Lee L, Jain R, Giangregorio LM (2018) We get them up, moving, and out the door. How do we get them to do what is recommended? Using behaviour change theory to put exercise evidence into action for rehabilitation professionals. Arch Osteoporos 13(1):7

  80. Kuo Y, Tully EA, Galea MP (2009) Sagittal spinal posture after Pilates-based exercise in healthy older adults. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34(10):1046–1051

  81. Goh TS, Shin JK, Youn MS, Lee HS, Kim TH, Lee JS (2017) Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of lumbar degenerative kyphosis. Eur Spine J 26(8):2153–2159

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Jackie Stapleton and Rebecca Hutchinson with the development and update of the literature search strategy.

Funding

The research was funded by Osteoporosis Canada. We acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), CREATE 509950–2018 Training in Global Biomedical Technology Research and Innovation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

    Matteo Ponzano, Nicholas Tibert, Symron Bansal & Lora Giangregorio

  2. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA

    Wendy Katzman

  3. Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Canada

    Lora Giangregorio

Authors
  1. Matteo Ponzano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nicholas Tibert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Symron Bansal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wendy Katzman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lora Giangregorio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

MP: conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; investigation; resources; supervision; validation; visualization; writing — original draft; writing — review and editing.

NT: data curation; investigation; validation; writing — original draft; writing — review and editing.

SB: conceptualization; writing — review and editing.

WK: conceptualization; supervision; validation; project administration; writing — review and editing.

LG: conceptualization; data curation; funding acquisition, project administration; resources; supervision; validation; writing — review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lora Giangregorio.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

Not required.

Conflicts of interest

None.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 72 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ponzano, M., Tibert, N., Bansal, S. et al. Exercise for improving age-related hyperkyphosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis with GRADE assessment. Arch Osteoporos 16, 140 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-021-00998-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-021-00998-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation