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Heat stress induces apoptosis through disruption of dynamic mitochondrial networks in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells

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Abstract

Heat stress–induced reductions in milk yield and the dysfunction of mammary glands are economically important challenges that face the dairy industry, especially during summer. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of heat stress on mitochondrial function by using dairy cow mammary epithelial cells (DCMECs) as an in vitro model. Live cell imaging shows that the mitochondria continually change shape through fission and fusion. However, heat stress induces the fragmentation of mitochondria, as well as the decreased of ATP level, membrane potential, and anti-oxidant enzyme activity and the increased of respiratory chain complex I activity. In addition, the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and cytochrome c expression (Cyto-c) were increased after heat stress treatment. Both qRT-PCR and western blot analysis indicate that mitofusin1/2 (Mfn1/2) and optic atrophy protein-1 (Opa-1) are downregulated after heat stress, whereas dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and fission 1 (Fis-1) are upregulated, which explains the observed defect of mitochondrial network dynamics. Accordingly, the present study indicated that heat stress induced the dysfunction of DCMEC through disruption of the normal balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion.

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Funding

This work was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant number 2019M651755), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (grant number BK20190254), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 31372290).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Kun-Lin Chen, Hui-Li Wang, Yong Qian, Ji-Feng Zhong & Guang-Dong Xing

  2. Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Kun-Lin Chen, Hui-Li Wang, Yong Qian, Ji-Feng Zhong & Guang-Dong Xing

  3. Youyuan Research Institute of Dairy Industry Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211100, China

    Lin-Zheng Jiang

  4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Cai-Xia Yang & Wei-Wei Chang

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  1. Kun-Lin Chen
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Correspondence to Ji-Feng Zhong or Guang-Dong Xing.

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Editor: Tetsuji Okamoto

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Chen, KL., Wang, HL., Jiang, LZ. et al. Heat stress induces apoptosis through disruption of dynamic mitochondrial networks in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal 56, 322–331 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-020-00446-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-020-00446-5

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