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Electrodeposition of Al from chloroaluminate ionic liquids with different cations

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Abstract

Four typical chloroaluminate ionic liquids (ILs) with different cations, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride [Bmim]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%), 1-butyl-3-methylpyridinium chloride [BMPyri]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidiniumchloride [Py1,4]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%), and trimethylphenylammonium chloride [TMPA]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%), were employed to deposit Al. The viscosity and ionic conductivity of these ILs were measured. The results showed that [Bmim]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%) had the lowest viscosity and the highest conductivity. Raman spectra showed that Al2Cl7 − was the main anion in the four systems. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that [Bmim]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%) had the highest reduction current for Al deposition in the four ILs. By comparing the quality of the Al coatings prepared at the same current density and temperature, it was found that compact and smooth Al deposits could be obtained from [Bmim]Cl/AlCl3 (33.3/66.7 mol%) at 303 K, while the temperature needed was higher than 333 K for the other three ILs to obtain Al deposits with the same quality. Based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the differences in these properties were attributed to the different molecular structure and cation-anion interaction induced by the cations of these ILs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the General Program Youth of National Natural Science Foundation of China (51404230, 21406002), National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB632606), and CAS Province Cooperation Program (2014JZ0012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China

    Qian Wang, Qinqin Zhang, Xingmei Lu & Suojiang Zhang

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Qinqin Zhang

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  1. Qian Wang
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  2. Qinqin Zhang
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  3. Xingmei Lu
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Correspondence to Suojiang Zhang.

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Wang, Q., Zhang, Q., Lu, X. et al. Electrodeposition of Al from chloroaluminate ionic liquids with different cations. Ionics 23, 2449–2455 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2074-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2074-1

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