Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Synthesis and characterisation of polypyrrole–indium phosphide composite film

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Ionics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Polypyrrole (PPy)–indium phosphide (InP) composite material was electrochemically prepared by the incorporation of InP into a PPy matrix during electrochemical synthesis (cycling) under magnetic stirring from the acetonitrile/LiClO4 electrolyte containing the Py and InP particles. The PPy–InP composite material was designed to explore new approaches to improve light-collection efficiency in polymer photovoltaic. The samples were characterised by cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy measurement, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, UV–visible and photoelectrochemical measurements. It was observed that the photocurrent of the composites was higher than that of the single PPy films and increased with InP concentration. The study showed that the presence of InP particles in the polymeric film improves the optical and the photovoltaic properties of PPy and give information on the use possibility of these films for photovoltaic cells' application.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Cao Y, Smith P, Heeger AJ (1989) Spectroscopic studies of polyaniline in solution and in spin-cast films. Synth Met 32:263–281

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Yang CY, Cao Y, Smith P, Heeger AJ (1993) Morphology of conductive, solution-processed blends of polyaniline and poly(methyl methacrylate). Synth Met 53:293–301

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Singh R, Srivastava DN, Singh RA (2001) Sckottky diodes based on some semiconducting polymers. Synth Met 121:1439–1440

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Lucas B, Ratier B, Moliton A, Lepofi JPM, Otero TF, Santamaria C, Angulo E, Rodriguez J (1993) Thick layers of PPy and PTh: Electrosynthesis and modification of electrical parameters by ion implantation. p-n junctions. Synth Met 55:1459–1464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Beek WJE, Wienk MJ, Janssen RAJ (2004) Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells from Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and a Conjugated Polymer. Adv Mater 16:1009–1013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Carrara S, Bavastrello V, Ram MK, Nicolini C (2006) Nanometer sized polymer based Schottky junctions. Thin Solid Films 510:229–234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Karg S, Reiss W, Dyakonov V, Schwoerer M (1993) Electrical and optical characterization of poly(phenylene-vinylene) light emitting diodes. Synth Met 54:427–433

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Randriamahazaka H, Noël V, Guillerez S, Chevrot C (2005) Interpenetrating organic conducting polymer composites based on polyaniline and poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) from sequential electropolymerization. J Electroanal Chem 585:157–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Arici E, Meissner D, Schäffler F, Sariciftci NS (2003) Core/shell nanomaterials in photovoltaics. Int J Photoenergy 5:199–208

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Vu QT, Pavlik M, Hebestreit N, Rammelt U, Plieth W, Pfleger J (2005) Nanocomposites based on titanium dioxide and polythiophene: Structure and properties. Reac Func Polym 65:69–77

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Okada A, Usuki A (1995) The chemistry of polymer-clay hybrids. Mater Sci Enging 3:109–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Gilman JW (1999) Flammability and thermal stability studies of polymer layered-silicate (clay) nanocomposites. Appl Clay Sci 15:31–49

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Flitton R, Johal J, Maeda S, Armes SP (1995) Synthesis of Colloidal Dispersions of Polypyrrole-Silica Nanocomposites Using “Stringy” Silica Particles. J Colloid Interface Sci 173:135–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Godovski DY, Sukharev VY, Volkov AV, Moskvina MA (1993) Absorption induced response of electrophysical characteristics of filled polymer-composite. J Phys Chem Solids 54:1613–1620

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Aydoğan S, Sağlam M, Türüt A (2005) Current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics of polypyrrole/p-InP structure. Vacuum 77:269–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Tung RT (2001) Recent advances in Schottky barrier concepts. Mater Sci Eng R 35:1–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rincon ME, Hu H, Martinez G, Suarez R, Banuelos JG (2003) Inclusion of Bi2S3 nanoparticles in polypyrrole thin films electropolymerized on chemically deposited bismuth sulfide electrodes: synthesis and characterization. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 77:239–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Yoneyama H, Kishimoto A, Kuwabata S (1991) Charge-discharge properties of polypyrrole films containing manganese dioxide particles. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 15:986–987

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Bhattaeharya A, Ganguly KM, De A, Sarkar S (1996) A New conducting nanocomposite PPy-zirconium (IV) Oxide. Mater Res Bull 31:527–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Otero TF, Marquez M, Suarez IJ (2004) Polypyrrole: Diffusion coefficients and degradation by overoxidation. J Phys Chem B 108:15429–15433

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ding J, Zhou D, Spinks G, Wallace G, Forsyth S, Forsyth M, MacFarlane D (2003) Use of Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes in Electromechanical Actuator Systems Based on Inherently Conducting Polymers. Chem Mater 15:2392–2398

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ingram MD, Staesche H, Ryder KS (2004) Ladder-doped polypyrrole: a possible electrode material for inclusion in electrochemical supercapacitors. J Power Sources 129:107–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Yu JCC, Lai EPC, Sadeghi S (2004) Surface plasmon resonance sensor for Hg(II) detection by binding interactions with polypyrrole and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Sens Actuators B 101:236–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Goodwin JW, Markham GM, Vincent B (1997) Studies on Model Electrorheological Fluids. J Phys Chem B 101:1961–1967

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kim J, Sohn D, Sung Y, Kim ER (2003) Fabrication and characterization of conductive polypyrrole thin film prepared by in situ vapor-phase polymerization. Synth Met 132:309–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Cairns DB, Khan MA, Perruchot C, Riede A, Armes SP (2003) Synthesis and Characterization of Polypyrrole-Coated Poly (Alkyl Methacrylate) Latex Particles. Chem Mater 15:233–239

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Zhang Z, Yuan Y, Liang L, Cheng Y, Xu H, Shi G, Jin L (2008) Preparation and photoelectrochemical properties of a hybrid electrode composed of polypyrrole encapsulated in highly ordered titanium dioxide nanotube array. Thin Solid Films 516:8663–8667

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Sharma GD, Sharma S, Roy MS (2003) Electrical and photoelectrical properties of dye-sensitized allyl viologen-doped polypyrrole solar cells. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 80:131–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Avlyanov JK, Kuhn HH, Josefowicz JY, MacDiarmid AG (1997) In-situ Deposited Thin Films of Polypyrrole: Conformational Changes Induced by Variation of dopant and Substrate Surface. Synth Met 84:153–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Balci N, Bayramli E, Toppare L (1997) Conducting polymer composites: Polypyrrole and poly (vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate) copolymer. J Appl Polym Sci 64:667–671

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ferreira CA, Domenech SC, Lacaze PC (2001) Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole/TiO2 composites on mild steel. J Appl Electrochem 31:49–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Lenz DM, Delamar M, Ferreira CA (2003) Application of polypyrrole/TiO2 composite films as corrosion protection of mild steel. J Electroanal Chem 540:35–44

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gentil S, Crespo E, Rojo I, Friang A, Vinas C, Teixidor F, Gruner B, Gabel D (2005) Polypyrrole materials doped with weakly coordinating anions: influence of substituents and the fate of the doping anion during the over oxidation process. Polymer 46:12218–12225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Shiu KK, Zhang Y, Wong KY (1995) Ac voltammetric and impedance studies of the electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole in aqueous medium. J Electroanal Chem 389:105–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Macdonald JR (1987) Impedance spectroscopy. Wiley, New York, p 34

    Google Scholar 

  36. Ximin H, Gaoquan S (2006) Electrochemical actuator based on monolithic polypyrrole–TiO2 nanoparticle composite film. Sens Actuators B 115:488–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Mostany J, Scharifker BR (1997) Impedance spectroscopy of undoped, doped and overoxidized polypyrrole films. Synt Met 87:179–185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Imae I, Nawa K, Ohsedo Y, Noma N, Shirota Y (1997) Synthesis of a Novel Family of Electrochemically-Doped Vinyl Polymers Containing Pendant Oligothiophenes and Their Electrical and Electrochromic Properties. Macromolecules 30:380–386

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Kim H, Chang W (1999) Preparation and photoelectrochemical behaviour of polypyrrole with platinum nanoparticles. Synth Met 101:150–151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Miquelino FLC, De Paoli MA, Geniès EM (1994) Photoelectrochemical response in conducting polymer films. Synth Met 68:91–96

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge useful discussions with Dr. M. Girtan (Laboratoire des propriétés optiques des matériaux et applications (POMA). Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’électrochimie et matériaux, Département de Génie des procédés, Faculté de Science de l’ingénieur, Université Ferhat Abbas, Sétif, 19000, Algeria

    F. Habelhames & B. Nessark

  2. Unité de développement de la technologie de silicium (UDTS).2, Bd Frantz Fanon, Alger Gare, 16000, Algeria

    D. Bouhafs & A. Cheriet

  3. Laboratoire des propriétés optiques des matériaux et applications (POMA-UMR-CNRS 6136), Lavoisier, Angers, 49045, France

    H. Derbal

Authors
  1. F. Habelhames
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B. Nessark
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. Bouhafs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Cheriet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. H. Derbal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Habelhames.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Habelhames, F., Nessark, B., Bouhafs, D. et al. Synthesis and characterisation of polypyrrole–indium phosphide composite film. Ionics 16, 177–184 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-009-0338-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-009-0338-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation