Abstract
Boletus longipes was described in 1909 by George Massee from a specimen collected in Singapore. The species was not mentioned again until E.J.H. Corner’s book in 1972 on Malaysian boletes. Corner had collected it many times during his tenure in Singapore, and he synonymized Boletus tristis with B. longipes described nine years after B. longipes by Patouillard and Baker from the same site. Among the distinguishing characters of B. longipes were deep vinous red spore deposit, red oxidation reaction of the hymenophore when bruised, and spores that displayed a strong violet color reaction in contact with KOH. C.B. Wolfe ultimately moved both species to a new genus Austroboletus. During recent efforts to circumscribe Austroboletus in Australasia using morphological and molecular phylogenetic inferences, it became clear that B. longipes was neither in harmony with Boletus, Porphyrellus, nor Austroboletus. Rather, it is a new genus, which we describe here as Ionosporus, allied to Borofutus, Spongiforma, and Rhodactina of subfamily Leccinoideae. In addition, recent collections from Queensland and New South Wales, Australia, that are morphologically similar to I. longipes, are inferred to be a separate new species, I. australis.
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Acknowledgments
The Queensland Herbarium (BRI) collaborated generously with assistance and support for herbarium and field studies. Fieldwork in New South Wales was facilitated with guidance and support from Pam O’Sullivan, Teresa and John Van Der Heul, and Ian Dodd. The curators of herbaria at FH and K provided the loan of valuable type specimens. Hong-Twu Chan provided permission to use and modify her descriptive data of A. longipes. Confirmation of specimen data lodged at the Forestry Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM) was offered by Su See Lee and Patahayah Mansor. We are indebted to Mike Baxter for expertise and access to the SEM facility at the CUNY-Lehman College campus (Bronx, NY, USA). OR is grateful to Amy Choong Mei Fun for her invitation to study boletes of Singapore. We are grateful to Julian Liber of Michigan State University for obtaining and assembling the ITS sequences.
Funding
The last author was partially supported by the National Science Foundation (USA) with funds from grants DEB 0414665 and DEB 1020421. The National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration provided funding via grant 8457-08. OR received traveling grants to Thailand and Singapore from F.N.R.S. (Belgium) and the National University of Singapore. Research support from the Friends of the RBG Victoria, Melbourne and a Helen McLellan Research Grant to TL is appreciated.
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Khmelnitsky, O., Davoodian, N., Singh, P. et al. Ionosporus: a new genus for Boletus longipes (Boletaceae), with a new species, I. australis, from Australia. Mycol Progress 18, 439–451 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-01463-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-01463-1