Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Rhytisma polaris: morphological and molecular characterization of a new species from Spitsbergen Island, Norway

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
Mycological Progress Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Rhytisma polaris, which causes tar spot disease on Salix polaris on Spitsbergen Island, is described. The most characteristic morphological feature of this new species are ascospores distinctly broader than those of other Rhytisma species. rDNA ITS and LSU sequence analysis also indicated that R. polaris is sufficiently distinct from other Rhytisma species to justify the new species status.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

References

  • Bliss LC, Matveyeva NV (1992) Circumpolar arctic vegetation. In: Chapin FS III, Jefferies RL, Reynolds JF, Shaver GR, Svoboda J (eds) Arctic ecosystems in a changing climate: an ecophysiological perspective. Academic, New York, pp 59–89

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon PF, Minter DW (1986) The Rhytismataceae of the Indian subcontinent. Mycol Pap 155:1–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Collet DM (2004) Willows of interior Alaska. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks

    Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12:13–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Elvebakk A, Gjærum HB, Sivertsen S (1996) Part 4. Fungi II. Myxomycota, Oomycota, Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Deuteromycota, Basidiomycota: Uredinales and Ustilaginales. In: Elvebakk A, Prestrud P (eds) A catalogue of Svalbard plants, fungi, algae and cyanobacteria. Norsk Polarinstitutt, Oslo, pp 207–259

    Google Scholar 

  • Ganley RJ, Brunsfeld SJ, Newcombe G (2004) A community of unknown, endophytic fungi in western white pine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:10107–10112

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hagen A (1941) Micromycetes from Vestspitsbergen collected by Dr. Emil Hadač in 1939. Medd Norges Svalb Ishavs–Unders 49:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Hou C-L, Piepenbring M (2005) Known and two new species of Rhytisma (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) from China. Mycopathologia 159:99–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hou C-L, Trampe T, Piepenbring M (2010) A new species of Rhytisma causes tar spot on Comarostaphylis arbutoides (Ericaceae) in Panama. Mycopathologia 169:225–229

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hudler GW, Jensen TS, Banik MT (1998) Rhytisma americanum sp. nov.: a previously undescribed species of Rhytisma on maples (Acer spp.). Mycotaxon 68:405–416

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lantz H, Johnston PR, Park D, Minter DW (2011) Molecular phylogeny reveals a core clade of Rhytismatales. Mycologia 103:57–74

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lid J (1967) Synedria of twenty vascular plants from Svalbard. Bot Jahrb 86:481–493

    Google Scholar 

  • Lind JVA (1928) The micromycetes of Svalbard. Skr Svalbard Ishavet 13:1–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Minter DW (1996) Rhytisma andromedae. IMI Descr Fungi Bact Sheet 1295. Mycopathologia 136:163–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minter DW (1997a) Rhytisma salicinum. IMI Descr Fungi Bact, Set 134, No. 1339. CAB International, Wallingford

    Google Scholar 

  • Minter DW (1997b) Rhytisma umbonatum. IMI Descr Fungi Bact, Set 134, No. 1340. CAB International, Wallingford

    Google Scholar 

  • Muraoka H, Uchida M, Mishio M, Nakatsubo T, Kanda H, Koizumi H (2002) Leaf photosynthetic characteristics and net primary production of the polar willow (Salix polaris) in a high arctic polar semi-desert, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Can J Bot 80:1193–1202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muraoka H, Noda H, Uchida M, Ohtsuka T, Koizumi H, Nakatsubo T (2008) Photosynthetic characteristics and biomass distribution of the dominant vascular plant species in a high Arctic tundra ecosystem, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard: implications for their role in ecosystem carbon gain. J Plant Res 121:137–145

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohtsuka T, Adachi M, Uchida M, Nakatsubo T (2006) Relationships between vegetation types and soil properties along a topographical gradient on the northern coast of the Brøgger Peninsula, Svalbard. Polar Biosci 19:63–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Petrak F (1947) Kritische Studien über chinesische Pilze. Sydowia 1:332–377

    Google Scholar 

  • Pyatt FB (1984) Rhytisma salicinum (Pers.) Fr.: a common pathogen of Salix spp. in the Skaftafellsheidi region of Iceland. Int J Environ Stud 22:249–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saccardo PA (1889) Sylloge fungorum omnium hucusque cognitorum, vol 8. Sumptibus auctoris typis serninarii, Patavii. pp 753–764

  • Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor–joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skarpe C, van der Wal R (2002) Effects of simulated browsing and length of growing season on leaf characteristics and flowering in a deciduous Arctic shrub, Salix polaris. Arct Antarct Alp Res 34:282–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suto Y (2009) Three ascomycetes on leaves of evergreen Ilex trees from Japan: Rhytisma ilicis-integrae sp. nov., R. ilicis-latifoliae, and R. ilicis-pedunculosae sp. nov. Mycoscience 50:357–368

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ (1994) CLUSTALW: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res 22:4673–4680

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vilgalys R, Hester M (1990) Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. J Bacteriol 172:4238–4246

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang MM, Jin LT, Jiang CX, Hou CL (2009) Rhytisma huangshanense sp. nov. described from morphological and molecular data. Mycotaxon 108:73–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White TJ, Bruns TD, Lee SB, Taylor JW (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic, New York, pp 315–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Woo JY, Partridge AD (1969) The life history and cytology of Rhytisma punctatum of bigleaf maple. Mycologia 61:1085–1095

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Mr. Kenichi Watanabe at the National Institute of Polar Research for help with the molecular analysis. We thank Dr. Janice Y. Uchida of the University of Hawaii at Mānoa and Ms. Lorien Radmer of Osaka Prefecture University, for their critical reading of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Begoña Aguirre-Hudson and Ms. Angela Bond of the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens for supplying specimens. This work was supported by SOKENDAI, NIPR (Research Project KP-11), and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Polar Research, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Midori-cho 10-3, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo, 190-8518, Japan

    Shota Masumoto, Masaki Uchida & Satoshi Imura

  2. Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan

    Motoaki Tojo

Authors
  1. Shota Masumoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Motoaki Tojo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Masaki Uchida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Satoshi Imura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shota Masumoto.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Masumoto, S., Tojo, M., Uchida, M. et al. Rhytisma polaris: morphological and molecular characterization of a new species from Spitsbergen Island, Norway. Mycol Progress 13, 181–188 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0918-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-013-0918-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation