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Erysiphe kenjiana (Erysiphales), a new invasive fungus in Europe

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Abstract

An Asian powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe (Uncinula) kenjiana (Erysiphales, Ascomycota) has been found in Ukraine. This is the first record of this fungus in Europe. In 2007, E. kenjiana was collected on four Ulmus species in Kiev. All locations adjoined railways or an airport. Development of E. kenjiana was epiphytotic. This species was not found on elms surveyed at towns situated north-east, east or south of Kiev. The fungus may have been brought directly to Ukraine by rail or air transport. In 2008, the fungus was also collected in Chernihiv situated north-east of Kiev. It is likely that E. kenjiana will spread over all Ukraine and into countries of central and western Europe in 2009 or later. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using D1/D2 domains of the 28S rDNA and ITS sequences revealed that the Ulmaceae-Cannabaceae-parasitic powdery mildews, including E. kenjiana, form a clade with strong supports, suggesting that these species diverged from a single ancestor and expanded their host ranges within the Ulmaceae and allied Cannabaceae. This hypothesis is supported by these species sharing the unique morphology of enlarged apices on their chasmothecial appendages. These fungi formed part of a larger grouping with species on Fagaceae, Nothofagaceae, Rosaceae, and Sapindaceae with strong statistical supports. These results suggest that Uncinula-like powdery mildew fungi on these plant families exhibit close evolutionary relationships with their hosts.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are grateful to Dr. O. Lukash (Chernihiv), Dr. Yu. Golubtsova (Sumy), Dr. I. Besedina (Poltava), Ms. I. Bondarenko-Borysova (Donetsk), and Ms. O. Dzyunenko (Simpheropol) for examination of elms. We thank Dr. Roger Cook for help with the English and valuable comments on the manuscript. We also gratefully acknowledge the late Mr. D. Diomenko, for his help with scanning electron microscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska St, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine

    Vasyl Heluta & Svitlana Voytyuk

  2. Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-Machiya, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan

    Susumu Takamatsu & Yoshiaki Shiroya

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  1. Vasyl Heluta
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Correspondence to Vasyl Heluta.

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Heluta, V., Takamatsu, S., Voytyuk, S. et al. Erysiphe kenjiana (Erysiphales), a new invasive fungus in Europe. Mycol Progress 8, 367–375 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-009-0610-8

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