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Wichtige Risikofaktoren häufiger Erkrankungen von Frauen in der 2. Lebenshälfte

Wege zur Prävention

Important risk factors of common diseases in women at midlife and beyond

Steps to prevention

  • Gesundheitsinformation
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Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Evidenzbasierte, allgemeinverständliche Gesundheitsinformationen werden als essentiell zur Verminderung der Krankheitslast in der 2. Lebenshälfte angesehen. Wissenschaftliche Kenntnisse über modifizierbare Risikofaktoren für chronische Krankheiten wie Herz-Kreislauf- und Krebserkrankungen, die zahlenmäßig am bedeutsamsten sind, sind verfügbar.

Ziel

Diese Übersicht soll die für Frauen relevanten Risikofaktoren benennen und damit Möglichkeiten aufzeigen, wie mit Förderung gesundheitsbewussten Verhaltens der Entwicklung diesen Erkrankungen entgegengewirkt werden kann. Unter diesem Blickwinkel erfolgt auch ein kurzer Abriss des derzeitige Stands zu Risiken von menopausaler Hormontherapie für chronische Erkrankungen.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen

Ein gesunder Lebensstil ist der Schlüssel für die Verminderung der Krankheitslast der benannten Erkrankungen: „richtige“ Ernährung und körperliche Aktivität, der Verzicht auf Tabakkonsum sowie höchstens moderater Alkoholkonsum. Menopausale Hormontherapie ist als medikamentöse Strategie zur Prävention zumindest ungeeignet – manche Anwendungsformen erhöhen Erkrankungsrisiken. Jegliche Präventionsstrategie muss auf Bewusstseins- und Verhaltensänderung in den benannten Bereichen abzielen.

Abstract

Background

Evidence-based health information is essential to prevent the burden of chronic diseases at midlife and beyond. The relatively most common are cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Hence, there is a scientific basis regarding their modifiable risk factors.

Aim

This review addresses risk factors relevant for women and, thus, provides a basis for how to promote health conscious behavior. From this perspective, a brief update on menopausal hormone therapy is included.

Results and conclusions

A healthy lifestyle is the key issue to reduce the burden of illness. There is good evidence that a healthy diet, regular physical activity, abstinence from tobacco, and no more than moderate alcohol consumption are instrumental in this context. There is no role for menopausal hormone therapy today in the concept of health promotion. Prevention strategies will need to focus on changing awareness and behavior of women.

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  1. Klinisches Forschungszentrum Frauengesundheit, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Deutschland

    S. Schwarz &  M. Dören

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Schwarz, S., Dören, M. Wichtige Risikofaktoren häufiger Erkrankungen von Frauen in der 2. Lebenshälfte. Präv Gesundheitsf 2, 26–30 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11553-006-0045-x

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